超新星元素合成による生成核種のアイソトープ分離とニュートリノ振動の解明

2009 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20244035
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
• Principal Investigator: 梶野 敏貴 National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 理論研究部, 准教授 (20169444)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 野本 憲一 東京大学, 数物連携宇宙研究機構, 特任教授 (90110676) ; 青木 和光 国立天文台, 光赤外研究部, 助教 (20321581) ; 早川 岳人 日本原子力研究開発機構, 量子ビーム応用研究部, 研究主幹 (70343944)
• Keywords: 超新星 / ニュートリノ振動 / 元素合成 / アイソトープ / 乱雑位相近似(RPA) / ガモフテラー遷移 / プレソーラーグレイン / 高分散高分解能スペクトログラフ

Research Abstract

超新星ニュートリノ元素合成の理論予測を天文観測によって検証し、ニュートリノ振動を解明するためには、(1)未知のニュートリノ・原子核反応の理論研究、(2)重力崩壊型超新星爆発モデルの構築、(3)ニュートリノ過程を含む爆発的元素合成計算コードの開発との実行、(4)アイソトープ分離を行う天文観測装置の開発、(5)生成核種の理論予測の天体観測およびプレソーラーグレイン分析による検証、を段階的に行う必要がある。二年目にあたる平成21年度は以下のような進展があった。
(1)Li-Be-B元素合成計算に必要なν+He4、C12反応断面積の殻模型計算を実行した初年度に続き、ν+Fe56、Ni56反応を計算し、さらにより質量の大きい原子核構造の記述に有効な乱雑位相近似(RPA)によるガモフテラー遷移およびスピン・双極子遷移などの禁止遷移の理論計算を実行して妥当性を検討した。
(2)超新星1987Aの球対称爆発モデル、磁場駆動型ジェット(MHD-JET)モデル、ニュートリノ対消滅加熱型ガンマ線バーストモデル等の構築に着手した。
(3)ニュートリノ過程によるLi-Be-Bの生成は主にHe層で行われるが、ニュートリノ振動の鍵を握る質量の大きいF19,V50,Mn55,La138,Ta180等のアイソトープ元素の生成は、より深いO-Ns-Mg層とSi層で行われるため、大質量星の構造・元素合成進化の理論計算を検討した。
(4)アイソトープ分離を行う天文観測装置(イメージスライサ)二大を開発し、すばる望遠鏡・高分散高分解能スペクトログラフへの装着を開始した。
(5)Li-Be-B元素量の理論予測を詳細に行い、プレソーラーグレイン分析による検証方法を提案した。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] New constraint on the Primordial Magnetic Field (2010)
  • Author(s): Yamazaki, D.G., Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D81 Pages: 023008
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Growth of Cosmological Perturbation by Extra Anisotropic Stress (2010)
  • Author(s): Kojima, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2 Pages: 18
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Neutrino reactions on C12 by the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (2010)
  • Author(s): Cheoun, M.K., Ha, E., Lee, S.Y., Kim, K.M., So, W.Y., Kajino, T.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review C81 Pages: 028501
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Neutrino reactions via neutral and charged current by quasi-particle random phase approximation(QRPA) (2010)
  • Author(s): Cheoun, M.K., Ha, E., Kim, K.M., Kajino, T.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Physics G37 Pages: 055101
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] An alternative to inflation? Critical role of neutrino anisotropic stress in CMB (2010)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T., Kojima, K., Yamazaki, D, Ichiki, K., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 64 Pages: 378-380
• [Journal Article] A new measurement of the astrophysical Li8(d, t)Li7 reaction (2009)
  • Author(s): Hashimoto, T., et al., Kajino, T.
  • Journal Title: Physics Letters B674 Pages: 276-280
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Reply to Comment on La138-Ce138-Ce136 nuclear cosmochronometer of supernova neutrino process (2009)
  • Author(s): Hayakawa, T., Shizuma, T., Kajino, T., Ogawa, K., Nakada, N.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review C79 Pages: 059802
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The interstellar rubidium isotope ratio toward HD169454 (2009)
  • Author(s): Kawanomoto, S., Aoki, W., Kajino, T., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal 698 Pages: 509-513
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Neutrino-Induced Reactions on Fe56 and Ni56 and Production of Mn55 in Population III Stars (2009)
  • Author(s): Suzuki, T., Honma, H., Higashiyama, K., Yoshida, T., Kajino, T., Otsuka, T., Umeda, H., Nomoto, K.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review(Rapid Communication) C79 Pages: 061603
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] New Constraints on Radiative Decay of Long-Lived X Particles in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis with New Rates of Photodisintegration Reactions of He4 (2009)
  • Author(s): Kusakabe, M., Kajino, T., Yoshida, T., Shima, T., Nagai, Y., Kii, T.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review C79 Pages: 123513
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] First Observation of Li7/Li6 Isotopic Ratio in the Interstellar Media beyond the Solar Neighborhood (2009)
  • Author(s): Kawanomoto, S., Suzuki, T.K., Kajino, T., et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal 701 Pages: 1506-1518
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Effect of Long-lived Strongly Interacting Relic Particles on Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (2009)
  • Author(s): Kusakabe, M., Kajino, T., Yoshida, T., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D80 Pages: 103501
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Neutron capture cross-section to Cd113 isomer and s-process contribution to rare p-nuclide Sn115 (2009)
  • Author(s): Hayakawa, T., Shizuma, T., Chiba, S., Kajino, T., Hatsukawa, Y., Iwamoto, N., Shinohara, N., Harada, H.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal 707 Pages: 859-865
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Neutrino mass effects on the CMB polarization with PMF (2009)
  • Author(s): Kojima, K., Kajino, T., Mathews, G.J.
  • Journal Title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1120 Pages: 303-307
• [Journal Article] A Systematic Study of Astrophysical Reaction Rates through Li8 (2009)
  • Author(s): Ishiyama, H., et al. with Kajino, T.
  • Journal Title: AIP Conference Proceedings 1120 Pages: 177-182
• [Journal Article] Neutrino Nucleosynthesis in Supernovae (2009)
  • Author(s): Yoshida, T., Suzuki, T., Chiba, S., Kajino, T., Yokomakura, H., Kimura, K., Takamura, A., Hartmann, D.H.
  • Journal Title: AIP Conference Proceedings 64 Pages: 165-170
• [Presentation] 1.Observational constraints on brane world cosmology, 2.SUSY-particle catalized Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and DM, 3.Effects of primordial magnetic field and neutrino on CMB, 4.Supernova nucleosynthesis and neutrino oscillation (2010)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: The First APCosPA(Asia Pacific Center forCosmology and Particle Astrophysics)Winter School on Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics
  • Place of Presentation: Taipei in Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20100118-20100129
• [Presentation] Nucleosynthetic Signature of Supernovae and Collapsars(Gamma Ray Bursts) (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: JUSTIPEN-EFES Workshop on Unstable Nuclei
  • Place of Presentation: Wako in Japan
  • Year and Date: 20091207-20091209
• [Presentation] R-process in Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: 7th Japan-China Joint Nuclear Physics Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Tsukuba in Japan
  • Year and Date: 20091109-20091113
• [Presentation] Neutrinos in Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics and US-Japan Collaboration (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: Workshop on Physics of Exotic Nuclei, 3rd Joint Meeting of Nuclear Phys Divisions of APS and JPS
  • Place of Presentation: Hawaii in U.S.A.
  • Year and Date: 20091013-20091017
• [Presentation] The Big-Bang Cosmology and Nucleosynthesis (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: 5th European Summer School on Nuclear Astrophysics
  • Place of Presentation: Sicily in Italy
  • Year and Date: 20090921-20090927
• [Presentation] An Alternative to Inflation? : Critical Role of Neutrino Anisotropic Stress in CMB (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: Erice INternational School of Nuclear Physics 31st Course on Neutrinos in Cosmology, in Astro-, Particle- and Nuclear-Physics
  • Place of Presentation: Sicily in Italy
  • Year and Date: 20090916-20090920
• [Presentation] Nuclear Astrophysics in Japan : Understanding the Universe with the Origin and Evolution of Elements (2009)
  • Author(s): Kajino, T.
  • Organizer: Elizabeth and Frederick White Conference on Nuclear Astrophysics in Australia
  • Place of Presentation: Canberra in Australia
  • Year and Date: 20090824-20090826