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2009 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

断層帯の中~高速域の摩擦構成則と大地震発生直前のプロセスの解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20340121
Research InstitutionHiroshima University

Principal Investigator

嶋本 利彦  Hiroshima University, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (20112170)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 早坂 康隆  広島大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教 (10198830)
安東 淳一  広島大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教 (50291480)
片山 郁夫  広島大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教 (10448235)
Keywords断層の力学 / 地震発生機構 / 断層の力学 / 高速摩擦 / 中速摩擦 / 低速摩擦 / 摩擦構成則 / 断層岩
Research Abstract

本研究の主要な目的は、(1)中速~高速域における断層の力学的性質を調べる実験システムを開発すること、(2)低速・中速・高速域における断層の力学的性質を調べて地震のサイクルのモデリングに必要なデータを提供することであった。(1)に関しては載荷ラインの調整精度を向上させ、低速・中速・高速領域の摩擦実験を世界で初めてルーチンにおこなえるようにした。(2)の摩擦実験に関しては、龍門山断層・野島断層・チェルンプ断層・跡津川断層・大曲断層から採取した断層ガウジおよび炭質物・炭酸塩鉱物・粘土鉱物などのガウジを用いた摩擦実験をおこない、多くの断層帯物質は中速域で速度強化(velocity strengthening)の性質をもつことを示した。その結果、低速域で速度弱化(velocity weakening)の性質をもつ断層が不安定になって断層運動が加速すると、中速域の速度強化によって不安定な断層運動は一旦抑制されることになる。しかし中速域の速度強化のバリアを越えると、断層はすべり量とすべり速度の増加にともなった大きな強度低下を起こす。大地震の発生直前に何がおこるかを知るには、断層がどのように中速バリアを乗り越えるかをモデリングで調べればよいことになる。一連の研究の結果、速度弱化の性質は震源核(地震のはじまり)を作るために必要であること、しかし震源核が大地震に成長するかどうかは中速・高速摩擦の性質が規定している可能性が高くなった。これまでの地震発生のモデルは地震発生域全体が速度弱化の性質をもつことを前提としていたので、これによって地震現象に対する考え方が変わることになる。
本年度は本科研費による3年の研究期間の2年目であるが、研究代表者が今年度末に定年退職するため本研究は今年度末で終了する。上述のように、低速から高速領域の断層の性質を調べるという本研究の主要課題はほぼ完了することができた。

  • Research Products

    (49 results)

All 2010 2009

All Journal Article (7 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 7 results) Presentation (42 results)

  • [Journal Article] Strong velocity-weakening and powder lubrication of simulated carbonate faults atseismic slip rates2010

    • Author(s)
      Han,R.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 115

      Pages: doi:10.1029/2008JB006136

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Clay-clast aggregates in gouges : a new textural evidence for seismic faulting2010

    • Author(s)
      Boutareaud,S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 115

      Pages: doi:10.1029/2008JB006254

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] On the transient behavior of frictional melt during seismic slip2010

    • Author(s)
      Nielsen,S.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 115(In press)

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A rate- and state-dependent ductile flow law of polycrystalline halite under large shear and implications for transition to brittle deformation2010

    • Author(s)
      Noda,H.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters (In press)

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] High-velocity frictional behavior and microstructure evolution of fault gouge obtained from Nojima fault, southwest Japan2009

    • Author(s)
      Mizoguchi,K.
    • Journal Title

      Tectonophysics 471

      Pages: 285-296

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Frictional resistance of faults during accelerating and decelerating earthquake slip2009

    • Author(s)
      Sone,H
    • Journal Title

      Nature Geosciences 2

      Pages: 705-708

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 岩塩のせん断変形実験からみた地震の発生過程2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Journal Title

      トライボロジスト 54

      Pages: 744-751

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] The initiation and sliding processes of Tsaoling landslide induced by 1995 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake as revealed by high velocity friction experiments2010

    • Author(s)
      Togo, T.
    • Organizer
      Hokudan International Symposium on Active Faulting 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokudan-cho, Awaji city, Japan
    • Year and Date
      20100117-20100121
  • [Presentation] High-velocity frictional behavior of Nojima fault gouge with variable slip histories2010

    • Author(s)
      澤井みち代
    • Organizer
      Hokudan International Symposium on Active Faulting 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokudan-cho, Awaji city, Japan
    • Year and Date
      20100117-20100121
  • [Presentation] Does velocity-strengthening to velocity-weakening transition really determine the updip limit of the seismogenic zone in subduction megathrusts?2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Fault lubrication and earthquake propagation in thermally unstable rocks2009

    • Author(s)
      De Paola, N.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Dynamically weak faults during earthquakes2009

    • Author(s)
      Di Toro, G.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Stuck in the mud? Earthquake propagation through clay-rich fault zones2009

    • Author(s)
      Faulkner, D.R.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Mechanics of the 1963 Vaiont landslide (Northern Italy) from low- and high-velocity friction experiments2009

    • Author(s)
      Ferri, F.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Nojima fault zone revisited : high-velocity friction experiments and BET surface-area measurements of fault rocks2009

    • Author(s)
      Sawai, M.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] The Maximum seal capacity concept as applied to Neogene sedimentary rocks in Horonobe, Hokkaido, Japan2009

    • Author(s)
      岡崎啓史
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Self-lubrication effect of fault caused by structural changes of carbon mineral by faulting2009

    • Author(s)
      大橋聖和
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] High-velocity friction experiments on the Longmenshan fault gouge towards the understanding of dynamic rupture propagation of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake2009

    • Author(s)
      Togo, T.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Characterization of frictional heating, mechanical behavior, and microstructure evolution of Punchbowl Fault ultracataclasite sheared at seismic slip rates : Implications for dynamic weakening mechanism2009

    • Author(s)
      Kitajima, H.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Pulverized fault rocks and damage asymmetry along the Arima-Takatsuki Tectonic Line, Japan : fault structure, damage distribution and textural characteristics2009

    • Author(s)
      Mitchell, T.M.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] Fluid transport properties and estimation of overpressure at the Lusi mud volcano, East Java Basin2009

    • Author(s)
      Tanikawa, W.
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union, Fall Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      San Francisco, USA
    • Year and Date
      20091214-20091218
  • [Presentation] 南海トラフ震源域掘削プロジェクトへの期待と不安2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      日本地震学会2009年秋期大会
    • Place of Presentation
      京都・京都大学
    • Year and Date
      20091021-20091023
  • [Presentation] 野島分岐断層・破砕帯構成物質の表面積測定 : 断層破砕帯形成に必要なエネルギーの推定に向けて2009

    • Author(s)
      澤井みち代
    • Organizer
      日本地震学会2009年秋期大会
    • Place of Presentation
      京都・京都大学
    • Year and Date
      20091021-20091023
  • [Presentation] 石英ガウジの高速摩擦実験から決まった摩擦仕事量の破砕物粉砕へのエネルギー分配2009

    • Author(s)
      東郷徹宏
    • Organizer
      日本地震学会2009年秋期大会
    • Place of Presentation
      京都・京都大学
    • Year and Date
      20091021-20091023
  • [Presentation] High-velocity friction of faults : a review and implication for landslide studies2009

    • Author(s)
      Togo, T.
    • Organizer
      The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-Induced Landslides : An International Conference in Commemoration of 10^<th> Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake
    • Place of Presentation
      National Central University, Jungli, Taiwan
    • Year and Date
      20090921-20090926
  • [Presentation] Ultra-low friction of shale and clayey fault gouge at high velocities : implication for Jiufengershan landslide induced by 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake2009

    • Author(s)
      Yano, K.
    • Organizer
      The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-Induced Landslides : An International Conference in Commemoration of 10^<th> Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake
    • Place of Presentation
      National Central University, Jungli, Taiwan
    • Year and Date
      20090921-20090926
  • [Presentation] Dynamic weakening of shale and bedding-parallel fault gouge as a possible mechanism for Tsaoling landslide induced by 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake2009

    • Author(s)
      Miyamoto, Y.
    • Organizer
      The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-Induced Landslides : An International Conference in Commemoration of 10^<th> Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake
    • Place of Presentation
      National Central University, Jungli, Taiwan
    • Year and Date
      20090921-20090926
  • [Presentation] 地下流体移動をどう解析するか?2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      日本地質学会第116年学術大会(岡山)
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山・岡山理科大学
    • Year and Date
      20090904-20090906
  • [Presentation] 断層岩を模した摩擦溶融実験でのK-Ar年代の若返り2009

    • Author(s)
      佐藤佳子
    • Organizer
      日本地質学会第116年学術大会(岡山)
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山・岡山理科大学
    • Year and Date
      20090904-20090906
  • [Presentation] 粘土質野島断層ガウジの中速・高速摩擦挙動2009

    • Author(s)
      澤井みち代
    • Organizer
      日本地質学会第116年学術大会(岡山)
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山・岡山理科大学
    • Year and Date
      20090904-20090906
  • [Presentation] 中国龍門山断層ガウジの摩擦実験2009

    • Author(s)
      東郷徹宏
    • Organizer
      日本地質学会第116年学術大会(岡山)
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山・岡山理科大学
    • Year and Date
      20090904-20090906
  • [Presentation] 炭素鉱物の断層すべりに伴う自己断層面潤滑2009

    • Author(s)
      大橋聖和
    • Organizer
      日本地質学会第116年学術大会(岡山)
    • Place of Presentation
      岡山・岡山理科大学
    • Year and Date
      20090904-20090906
  • [Presentation] Intermediate to high-velocity friction of faults ; implications for earthquake mechanics (keynote talk)2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      8^<th> Euro Conference of Rock Physics & Geomechanics
    • Place of Presentation
      Ascona, Switzerland
    • Year and Date
      20090903-20090918
  • [Presentation] Evolution of the 1963 Vajont Landslide (Northern Italy) from low and high velocity friction experiments2009

    • Author(s)
      Ferri, F.
    • Organizer
      8^<th> Euro Conference of Rock Physics & Geomechanics
    • Place of Presentation
      Ascona, Switzerland
    • Year and Date
      20090903-20090918
  • [Presentation] 断層の力学と地震の発生機構:研究の現状と展望2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] 室内試験結果を用いた新第三紀堆積岩の地下深部における浸透率及び間隙率の推定:北海道北部幌延地域を例として2009

    • Author(s)
      上原真一
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] 幌延地域の新第三紀堆積岩における浸透率・間隙率に対する変形の影響2009

    • Author(s)
      岡崎啓史
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] 新第三紀泥質岩中の亀裂の透水性の深度依存性 : 北海道北部幌延地域の例2009

    • Author(s)
      上原真一
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] Experimental study for noble gas release and age reset under high-speed frictional melting2009

    • Author(s)
      佐藤佳子
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] 炭素鉱物を含む断層ガウジの高速摩擦実験2009

    • Author(s)
      大橋聖和
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] 中国四川省・龍門山断層ガウジの高速摩擦2009

    • Author(s)
      東郷徹宏
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2008年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      千葉・幕張メッセ
    • Year and Date
      20090516-20090521
  • [Presentation] Geological storage of carbon dioxide (invited talk)2009

    • Author(s)
      嶋本利彦
    • Organizer
      Spring Meeting of Korean Geological Science and Technology
    • Place of Presentation
      Pusan, Korea
    • Year and Date
      20090422-20090424
  • [Presentation] Porosity and permeability structure of the Pohang basin : preliminary study on the possible geologic storage of CO_22009

    • Author(s)
      Han, R.
    • Organizer
      Spring Meeting of Korean Geological Science and Technology
    • Place of Presentation
      Pusan, Korea
    • Year and Date
      20090422-20090424
  • [Presentation] Porosity/permeability and frictional properties of the Wangsan and Suryeon faults in SE Korea2009

    • Author(s)
      Ree, J.-H.
    • Organizer
      Spring Meeting of Korean Geological Science and Technology
    • Place of Presentation
      Pusan, Korea
    • Year and Date
      20090422-20090424
  • [Presentation] Natural and experimental evidence of past seismic from Clay-Clast Aggregates occurrence2009

    • Author(s)
      Boutareaud, S.
    • Organizer
      European Geosciences Union, General Assembly
    • Place of Presentation
      Vienna, Austria
    • Year and Date
      20090419-20090424
  • [Presentation] Evolution of the 1963 Vajont landslide (Northern Italy) from low and high velocity friction experiments2009

    • Author(s)
      Ferri, F.
    • Organizer
      European Geosciences Union, General Assembly
    • Place of Presentation
      Vienna, Austria
    • Year and Date
      20090419-20090424
  • [Presentation] Pulverized fault rocks along the Arima-Takatsuki Tectonic Line, Japan : fault structure, damage distribution and textural characteristics2009

    • Author(s)
      Mitchell, T.M.
    • Organizer
      European Geosciences Union, General Assembly
    • Place of Presentation
      Vienna, Austria
    • Year and Date
      20090419-20090424
  • [Presentation] Thermal pressurization induced by coseismic shear heating within thermally unstable rocks2009

    • Author(s)
      De Paola, N.
    • Organizer
      European Geosciences Union, General Assembly
    • Place of Presentation
      Vienna, Austria
    • Year and Date
      20090419-20090424
  • [Presentation] The frictional properties of phyllosilicates at earthquake slip speeds2009

    • Author(s)
      Faulkner, D.R.
    • Organizer
      European Geosciences Union, General Assembly
    • Place of Presentation
      Vienna, Austria
    • Year and Date
      20090419-20090424

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Published: 2011-06-16   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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