2010 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Establishment of silent chromatin in mammals
Project/Area Number |
20370004
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Research Field |
Genetics/Genome dynamics
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Research Institution | National Institute of Genetics |
Principal Investigator |
SADO Takashi National Institute of Genetics, 生体防御医学研究所, 准教授 (70321601)
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Project Period (FY) |
2008 – 2010
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Keywords | 遺伝学 / ゲノム / 発生・分化 |
Research Abstract |
X chromosome inactivation (X-inactivation) in female mammals is triggered by differential upregulation of the Xist gene on one of the two X chromosomes and subsequent coating of the X in cis with its noncoding transcripts. Although targeted mutation clearly showed that Xist is essential for X-inactivation to occur in cis, the molecular mechanism by which Xist RNA induces chromosome silencing is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that an Xist mutant generated previously by gene targeting, Xist^<IVS> is unique in that it retains a partial function to silence the X chromosome. Although Xist^<IVS> is differentially upregulated and its mutated transcript coats the X chromosome in cis in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, X-inactivation thus initiated does not seem to be fully established. The state of such incomplete inactivation is probably unstable and the mutated X apparently ends up reactivated in a subset of extraembryonic tissues and, perhaps, early epiblastic cells. Xist^<IVS>, which can be referred to as a partial loss of function mutation, would provide an opportunity to dissect the molecular mechanism of Xist RNA-mediated chromosome silencing.
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Research Products
(13 results)
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[Journal Article] Role for piRNAs and non-coding RNA in de novo DNA methylationof the imprinted mouse Rasgrfl locus.2011
Author(s)
Watanabe, T., Tomizawa, S., Mitsuya, K., Totoki, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Kuramochi-Miyagawa, S., Iida, N., Hoki, Y., Murphy, P.J., Toyoda, A., Gotoh, K., Hiura, H., Arima, T., Fujiyama, A., Sado, T., Shibata, T., Nakano, T., Lin, H., Ichiyanagi, K., Soloway, P.D., Sasaki, H.
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Journal Title
Science Vol.332
Pages: 848-852
Peer Reviewed
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[Journal Article] MitoPLD is a mitochondrial protein essential for nuage formation and piRNA biogenesis in the mouse germline.2011
Author(s)
Watanabe, T., Chuma, S. Yamamoto, Y., Kuramochi-Miyagawa, S., Totoki, Y., Toyoda, A., Hoki, Y., Fujiyama, A., Shibata, T., Sado, T., Noce, T., Nakano, T., Nakatsuji, N., Lin, H., Sasaki, H.
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Journal Title
Developmental Cell vol.20
Pages: 364-375
Peer Reviewed
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[Journal Article] Impeding Xist Expression from the Active X Chromosome Improves Mouse Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer.2010
Author(s)
Inoue, K., Kohda, T., Sugimoto, M., Sado, T., Ogonuki, N., Matoba, S., Shiura, H., Ikeda, R., Mochida, K., Fujii, T., Sawai, K., Otte, AP., Tian, XC., Yang, X., Ishino, F., Abe, K., Ogura, A.
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Journal Title
Science Vol.330
Pages: 496-499
Peer Reviewed
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[Journal Article] Incomplete X-inactivation initiated by a hypomorphic Xist allele in the mouse.
Author(s)
Hoki, Y., Ikeda, R., Mise, N., Sakata, Y., Ohhata, T., Sasaki, H., Abe, K., Sado, T.
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Journal Title
Peer Reviewed
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[Remarks] ホームページ等