| Research Abstract |
The title of this study is "An Exploratory Study about the Development of Kenjutsu Schools in Rural Kanto during Edo Era".
In the beginning of 17^<th> century, there were some Kenjutsu schools in Rural Kanto(Kouzuke,Shimousa,Kazusa,Awa,Hitachi,Sagami,Simotsuke,Musashi).
It was hypothesized that Farmer,who were previous Samurai(warrior), succeeded the culture of Kenjutsu school.
Throughout researching Kenjutsu schools ; Maniwa-Nen-Ryu(Gunma prefecture),Shinto-Ryu(Ibaraki pref. and Chiba pref.),Shinkage-Ryu(Gunma pref.),Toda-Ryu(Chiba pref. ),Toda-Ryu(Kanagawa pref.), the purpose of this study was to examine the development of Kenjutsu schools in rural Kanto during Edo Era.
The summary of the investigation was as follows :
1. Tomomatsu Ujimune(Gian) ,the restorer of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu at Kouzuke, was also the master of Miraiki-Nen-Ryu at the Hikone clan.
2. Shinto-Ryu(Ibaraki pref. and Chiba pref.) pupils existed in Kouzuke(Gunma pref.) in 16^<th> century according to the documents of Sakurai fami
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ly(Ogaki city public Library) and Mohri family (Mohri Museum).
3. Makabe Ujimoto(Anyaken 1550-1622) who was the lord of the Makabe castle, also worked at Kashima Jingu Shrine. So, he expanded Shinto-Ryu to Kouzuke District not only Kenjutsu school,but also the belieaf of Kashima Jingu Shurine.
4. Ito Ittosai spreaded his way of military arts to Kazusa and Awa(Chiba pref.) called Toda school" aroud 1580. His pupils were feudatories of Satomi family,Ube Ikinokami,Ishida Shinbei,Mikogami Sukeshiro,Kotoda Kageyu.
We can see the same terms between Itto-Ryu and Toda Ryu, for example,"Goten,Setsuninto,Katsuninken,Manji"etc. because Itto-Ryu was derived from Toda-Ryu.
In addition, we can see the picture of alter when master initiated the secret of schools and the pictures of weapon of the fleet(pirates)(ex.Kumade,Tsukubou,Sasumata)
5. Nakamura Isshinsai(founder of Fuji-Shin-Ryu Kenjutsu school) practiced with another school's pupils (Ohira-Shinkyo-Ryu) at Edo. He walked around the rural district(Kazusa ,Shimohusa and Awa)to spread his school. He contributed to the development of Kenjutsu schools between rural and Edo.
6. The external pressure from foreign countries in the end of 18^<th> centuries to Tokugawa shogunate is one reason why shinai and protecter(men,kote,do) were started to use and spread in the schools in Kanto Rural.
7. Farmer who were Bushi warrior at 16th century continued the culture of Kenjutsu school. Less
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