2010 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Interactions between warming and wildfires in the last decade in Siberia
| Project/Area Number |
20510001
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental dynamic analysis
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
KUSHIDA Keiji Hokkaido University, 極東地域研究センター, 准教授 (90291236)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2008 – 2010
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| Keywords | 地球温暖化 / シベリア / リモートセンシング |
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| Research Abstract |
Siberian wildfires have two burn types : one is stand-replacing fire that burns both forest floor and crown, and the other is surface fire that burns only forest floor. The average carbon-dioxide release during combustion is about 23tC/ha for the stand-replacing fire and 2.3tC/ha for the surface fire. However, the interpretation of these two different fire types through satellite images were hardly studied before. The analyses with the separation of the stand-replacing and surface fires are necessary for estimating carbon-dioxide releases during the combustion and in the forest recovery process. Based on these backgrounds, the algorithm for estimating the fractional land cover areas of the stand-replacing and surface fires and other land categories from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) was built. The resolution of MODIS is 1km and the observation period is one day. Next, The geographical distributions of the land categories were estimated from MODIS for every m
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onth from May to September in 2002-2010. From the monthly land-category fractional area data, the geographical distributions of the monthly occurrences of stand-replacing fire and surface fire were estimated. The estimation was evaluated by comparing with the fractional areas of the land categories estimated from Landsat TM data. The resolution of Landsat TM is 30m and the observation period is 16 days. The Landsat TM data itself cannot be used for the monthly fire occurrence analysis since the actual observation period is more than two months due to the cloud contamination. By comparing the estimated fire occurrences with meteorological data such as temperature and precipitation, the relationship between the fire occurrence and the climate was analyzed in Siberia. As a result, both the stand-replacing and surface fires have positive correlations with the precipitation. Especially, in the year the areas burnt by both stand-replacing and surface fires were remarkable in the year when the precipitation is remarkably small. Less
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[Journal Article] A stochastic fire detection model in 4 μm constructed by using ASTER and MODIS.2008
Author(s)
Kushida K., Liew, S.C., Mishigdorj, O., Kaku, K., Fukuda, M., Honma, T.
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Journal Title
Asian Journal of Geoinformatics 8
Pages: 19-27
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[Presentation] Spectral indices for remote sensing of phytomass and deciduous shrub changes in Alaskan arctic tundra2010
Author(s)
Kushida K., S.Hobara, S.Tsuyuzaki, M.Watanabe, K.Harada, Y.Kim, G.R.Shaver, M.Fukuda
Organizer
Eos Trans.AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet.Suppl., Abstract GC43B-0977, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2010
Place of Presentation
San Francisco.
Year and Date
20101213-20101217
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[Presentation] Spectral vegetation indices for estimating shrub cover, green phytomass, and leaf turnover in a sedge-shrub tundra2008
Author(s)
Kushida K., Kim, Y., Tsuyuzaki, S., Fukuda, M.
Organizer
Eos Trans.AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet.Suppl., Abstract B41A-0358, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2008
Place of Presentation
San Francisco.
Year and Date
20081215-20081219
