Analysis of the unculturable microbial populations in human gut microbiota

2010 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20510187
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: 基礎ゲノム科学
• Research Institution: The University of Tokushima
• Principal Investigator: KUWAHARA Tomomi The University of Tokushima, 大学院・ヘルスバイオサイエンス研究部, 准教授 (60263810)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): NAKAYAMA Haruyuki 徳島大学, 大学院・ヘルスバイオサイエンス研究部, 助教 (80294669)
• Project Period (FY): 2008 – 2010
• Keywords: 腸内菌叢 / 難培養菌 / ゲノム / Segmented filamentous bacteria / シークエンス / 代謝経路 / 腸管免疫 / Th17

Research Abstract

Human harbors the numerous microbes at environmentally exposed anatomical sites. These microbes constitute the unique ecosystem called resident microflora. Gut microflora is the largest microbial ecosystem in human, which contains over 100 trillions of microbes of nearly 1,000 species. Gut microflora provides beneficial effects to the host through digestion of nutrients, synthesis of essential vitamins, and colonization resistance to enteric pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism of host-microbe symbiosis in the gut is largely unknown due to the fact that the majority of gut microflora is unculturable bacteria. It is important to disclose the biology of the unculturable populations to address the molecular interaction between the host and intestinal microbes. Herein, we determined the whole genome sequence of segmented filamentous bacteria that are representative gut unculturable microbes.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] (2011)
  • Author(s): Atarashi T, Tanoue T, Shima T, Imaoka A, Kuwahara T,, Momose Y, Cheng G, Yamasaki S, Saito T, Ohba Y, Taniguchi T, Takeda K, Hori S, Ivanov II, Umesaki Y, Itoh K, Honda K.
  • Journal Title: Science 331 Pages: 337-341
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Blockade of Th1 chemokine receptors ameliorates pulmonary granulomatosis in mice. (2011)
  • Author(s): Kishi J, Nishioka Y, Kuwahara T,, Kakiuchi S, Azuma M, Aono Y, Makino H, Kinoshita K, Kishi M, Batmunkh R, Uehara H, Izumi K, Sone S.
  • Journal Title: Eur Respir J in press.
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Utilization of titanium oxide-like compound as an inorganic phosphate adsorbent for the control of serum phosphate level in chronic renal failure. (2010)
  • Author(s): Tamagawa K, Nakayama-Imaohji H, Wakimoto S, Ichimura M, Kuwahara T
  • Journal Title: J Med Invest 57 Pages: 275-283
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Molecular genetic investigations of contaminated contact lens storage cases as reservoirs for Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ogushi Y, Eguchi H, Kuwahara T, Hayabuchi N, Kawabata M.
  • Journal Title: Jpn J Ophthalmol 54 Pages: 550-554
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Efficient electrotransformation of Bacteroides fragilis. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ichimura M, Nakayama-Imaohji H, Wakimoto S, Morita H, Hayashi T, Kuwahara T
  • Journal Title: Appl Environ Microbiol 76 Pages: 3325-3332
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] コリネバクテリウムが起炎菌と考えられた感染性角膜炎の1例 (2009)
  • Author(s): 稲田耕大、前田郁世、池田欣史、宮崎大、井上幸次、江口洋、塩田洋、桑原知巳
  • Journal Title: あたらしい眼科 26 Pages: 1105-1107
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] ペニシリン耐性肺炎球菌結膜炎の1例. (2009)
  • Author(s): 江口洋、桑原知巳、大木武夫、塩田洋、田中真理子、田中健
  • Journal Title: あたらしい眼科 26 Pages: 376-378
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Identification of the site-specific DNA invertase responsible for the phase variation of SusC/SusD family outer membrane proteins in Bacteroides fragilis. (2009)
  • Author(s): Nakayama-Imaohji H, Hirakawa H, Ichimura M, Wakimoto S, Kuhara S, Hayashi T, Kuwahara T
  • Journal Title: J Bacteriol 191 Pages: 6003-6011
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Production of apoptosis-inducing substances from soybean protein by Clostridium butyricum : characterization of their toxic effects on human colon carcinoma cells. (2009)
  • Author(s): Arimochi H, Morita K, Nakanishi S, Kataoka K, Kuwahara T
  • Journal Title: Cancer Lett 277 Pages: 190-198
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Genetic characterization of type A enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens strains. (2009)
  • Author(s): Deguchi A, Miyamoto K, Kuwahara T, Miki Y, Kaneko I, Li J, McClane BA, Akimoto S.
  • Journal Title: PLos One 4 Pages: e5598
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Population structure and distribution of virulence-related genes of Bacteroides fragilis isolates from Korea and Japan. (2009)
  • Author(s): Ko KS, Kuwahara T, Lee K, Kook YH.
  • Journal Title: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 64 Pages: 340-343
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Inhibitory effects of fermented brown rice on induction of acute colitis by dextran sulfate sodium in rats. (2008)
  • Author(s): Kataoka K, Ogasa S, Kuwahara T, Bando Y, Hagiwara M, Arimochi H, Nakanishi S, Iwasaki T, Ohnishi Y.
  • Journal Title: Dig Dis Sci 53 Pages: 1601-1608
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Genomic analysis of unculturable gut microbe,「超高速ゲノム解読時代における細菌学研究」 (2010)
  • Author(s): 桑原知巳
  • Organizer: 第83回日本細菌学会総会
  • Place of Presentation: 横浜
  • Year and Date: 20100327-20100329
• [Presentation] (2010)
  • Author(s): 脇本信, 今大路治之, 市村穣, 桑原知巳, 安友康二
  • Organizer: 第83回日本細菌学会総会
  • Place of Presentation: 横浜
  • Year and Date: 20100327-20100329
• [Presentation] ヒト常在フローラ研究の最前線 (2008)
  • Author(s): 桑原知巳
  • Organizer: 第82回日本感染症学会総会「ゲノムからみた感染症」
  • Place of Presentation: 松江
  • Year and Date: 20080417-20080418
• [Book] 難培養微生物研究の最新技術II(大熊盛也、工藤俊章監修)(ヒト腸内フローラのメタゲノム解析と肥満・健康.) (2010)
  • Author(s): 桑原知巳、林哲也
  • Total Pages: 92-105
  • Publisher: CMC出版、東京
• [Book] 医科細菌学第4版(笹川千尋、林哲也編)(常在細菌叢.) (2008)
  • Author(s): 桑原知巳
  • Total Pages: 119-120
  • Publisher: 南江堂、東京