2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Generation of a high-resolution genome map using haploid and hybrid organisms and its application to genetic analysis

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20H00429
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 40:Forestry and forest products science, applied aquatic science, and related fields
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	Asakawa Shuichi 東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 教授 (30231872)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	黒河内寛之東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 助教 (00609000) 稲野俊直近畿大学, 水産研究所, 准教授 (50604609) 川村猛東京大学, アイソトープ総合センター, 准教授 (70306835)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	ハプロイド連鎖解析法 / ハイブリッド連鎖解析法 / アユ / ニホンウナギ / トゲウオ / クロマグロ / チョウザメ / マツタケ
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We generated haploid and hybrid experimental materials, and performed their DNA typing, linkage mapping and contig/scaffold alignment with SELDRA, then generated genome draft sequences, and genome completion sequencing. Generations of hybrid of Japanese eel and common Japanese conger eel, etc., were conducted, and haploid and double haploid individuals of catfish and various sturgeon were generated, and haploid individuals of Ayu were generated. Androgensis of the Japanese two color carp was also performed. Complete genome sequence, T2T of matsutake mushroom was conducted. Linkage maps of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis) and Pacific bluefin tuna were generated by hybrid method. We attempted to expand to haploid typing using sperm and conducted it in stickleback. Sequences for typing were obtained for other hybrid and haploid individuals.
Free Research Field	Genomics
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	ゲノム情報は生物学にとって最も重要な基盤の一つである。２００５年に出現した次世代シーケンサは、あらゆる生物のゲノム解析を容易にしたが、ゲノムシーケンスを染色体レベルにまで構築するのは未だ容易ではない。我々は染色体レベルにゲノムシーケンスを整列化させる効率的な２つの方法を確立し、その有用性を実証した。これらの手法はHi-C法等とともに、あらゆる真核生物のゲノム解析にとって有用な手法であり、高品質のゲノム配列の構築に貢献できる。得られる高品質ゲノム配列の有用性は基礎的な生物学の諸分野だけでなく、農林水産学などの応用分野においても極めて高く、今後、基礎的な学術分野や諸応用分野への貢献が期待できる。