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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulation of Genome Stability in Medaka

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20H00631
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 63:Environmental analyses and evaluation and related fields
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

Todo Takeshi  大阪大学, 放射線科学基盤機構附属ラジオアイソトープ総合センター, 招へい教授 (90163948)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 吉村 崇  大阪大学, 放射線科学基盤機構附属ラジオアイソトープ総合センター, 教授 (90323336)
瀬々 潤  株式会社ヒューマノーム研究所, 本社, 代表取締役社長 (40361539)
Canela Andres  京都大学, 白眉センター, 特定准教授 (90837585)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsゲノム不安定性 / ゲノム構造変異 / 発がん / DNA修復酵素 / メダカ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Carcinogenesis is a disease that appears through diverse and complex factors and processes. In order to elucidate the complex mechanism, model animals that can verify the biological processes responding to each factor are useful. We established medaka mutants in which all individuals develop colorectal cancer in an age-dependent manner. In this study, we aimed to characterize this highly carcinogenic system at the molecular level, and performed detailed analyzes of genomic structural abnormalities and gene expression in cultured cells and cancer cells. Furthermore, to elucidate biological interaction with the genome damage response pathway network, we observed the phenotype of double mutants with other gene mutations. From the above analysis, it was found that this highly carcinogenic system has extremely high similarity to a specific subtype of human colon cancer among several subtype classes.

Free Research Field

環境影響学、放射線生物学、分子遺伝学、ゲノム生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

大腸がんは、我が国のみならず世界的にも罹患率が高く、しかも肺がんに次ぎ2番目に死亡率の高いがん疾患である。我々が開発したメダカ自然発がん系統は、ゲノム安定性維持機構に異常を持つ為に、100%の個体で特定の月齢時に大腸がんを発症する極めてユニークな高発がん系である。本研究では、本発がん系の分子レベルでの異常が、ヒト大腸がんの特定のサブタイプと極めて高い類似性を示す事を明らかにする事ができた。本発がん系が、ゲノム不安定性によるヒトの発がんの極めて有用なモデルとなる事を示しており、科学的のみならず社会的意義も大きいと考えられる。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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