2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Effects of changing dietary habits of Mongolian herders on their intestinal bacterial/fungal microbiota
| Project/Area Number |
20H01391
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 04010:Geography-related
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| Research Institution | Meiji University |
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Principal Investigator |
Morinaga Yuki 明治大学, 商学部, 専任教授 (20200438)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
尾崎 孝宏 鹿児島大学, 法文教育学域法文学系, 教授 (00315392)
中山 二郎 九州大学, 農学研究院, 教授 (40217930)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 伝統的発酵食品 / アイラグ（クミス・発酵馬乳） / 腸内フローラ / モンゴル遊牧民 / 現代食侵襲 / 家畜福祉 / COVID-19 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Comparative analysis of the intestinal bacterial/fungal microbiota of Mongolian herders in summer and winter revealed that traditionally fermented airag (fermented horse milk)largely consumed in summer, has a significant impact on the gut microbiota of consumers. Comparison of the bacterial composition of airag fermented in traditional containers made of cowhide and in modern plastic barrels, respectively, showed that the former maintained a lower level of lactic acid fermentation and a higher diversity of bacteria than the latter.
Interviews on the impact of COVID-19 on airag showed the differences in airag valuation and selling trends between manufacturing and non-manufacturing areas, and between city and countryside, but overall, it can be assessed that the maintenance and strengthening of traditional trends and no local cultural change was observed. However, labor shortages were evident and in each region, priority was given to retaining those with high economic or cultural value.
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| Free Research Field |
自然地理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
モンゴル遊牧民の間でも消えつつあるアイラグの伝統的製法の記録がすすんだ。また、アイラグの多量の摂取が腸内フローラに影響することや、発酵容器が伝統的牛革製か近年多用されるプラスチック製かによってアイラグの菌叢の多様性が変わることが明らかになった。これらにより、モンゴル遊牧民の食生活の近代化が、腸内フローラの変化を通じて健康にも影響を及ぼす可能性があることが示唆された。また、COVID-19のアイラグ摂取への影響の現地でのインタビューにより、伝統食の継承のされ方の一端が明らかになった。これらの成果により、アイラグの伝統的製法を継承していくことの意義が明確になり、継承のための道筋も見えてきた。
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