2024 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Determinants of Dietary Habits in Urban Lifestyles: A Dual Perspective from Community and Workplace Settings
| Project/Area Number |
20H01621
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 08030:Family and consumer sciences, and culture and living-related
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| Research Institution | Toho University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
西脇 祐司 東邦大学, 医学部, 教授 (40237764)
佐々木 敏 東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 名誉教授 (70275121)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 都市生活者 / 食習慣 / 栄養素・食品摂取量 / 身体活動 / 就労環境 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Three studies were conducted: (1) questionnaire survey of general residents in Ward X of Tokyo (n = 12,345), (2) workplace-based questionnaire survey (n = 675), and (3) lifestyle monitoring study using wearable devices (n = 317).
Study 1: individuals who reported allocating sufficient time for meals had higher intakes of vegetables and fruits. Additionally, food acquisition methods were significantly associated with diet quality in younger adults. Study 2 estimated nutrient and food group intakes by eating occasion. Nutritional quality of lunch was higher when meals were prepared at home or consumed in a company cafeteria compared to meals obtained through dining out or takeout. In Study 3, wearable device data indicated that working adults exhibited higher levels of physical activity and shorter sleep duration. Moreover, individuals who predominantly employed cognitive reappraisal strategies for emotion regulation reported better mood than those who relied on suppression strategies.
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| Free Research Field |
栄養疫学、予防医学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
一般人口集団を対象とした調査結果から、地域における食品購入環境の整備に関する示唆が得られた。また、職域で実施した調査結果と合わせ、適切な昼食摂取に関する情報を得ることができた。朝食の研究は多いが、昼食に関する情報は少なく、参照する価値がある。また、職域での調査では食事毎（朝・昼・夕・間食）に栄養素・食品摂取量を推定できる質問票を使用しており、各食事からのエネルギー摂取量の分布と食事内容との関連について検討した。食物摂取頻度法などの食事調査は一般的に1日の栄養素・食品摂取量をまとめて推定し、食事機会毎の摂取量や食事の質を検討することは難しいが、新規質問票の特性を生かした検討を行うことができた。
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