2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Resurrection of ancestral aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and stepwise construction of ancestral translation system
| Project/Area Number |
20H02018
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 17050:Biogeosciences-related
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| Research Institution | Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
時下 進一 東京薬科大学, 生命科学部, 准教授 (60266898)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 祖先配列復元 / 遺伝暗号 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In order to elucidate the evolution of the genetic code table based on the characteristics of the ancestral ARS (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase) of universal common last common ancestor or earlier life, IleCom (common ancestor of IleRS), ValCom (common ancestor of ValRS), and IV-Anc (common ancestor of IleRS and ValRS) were resurrected and their functions were analyzed. In particular, when IleCom, ValCom, or IV-Anc was added to the reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system of Escherichia coli without LeuRS, IleRS, or ValRS to perform protein synthesis, all of IleCom, ValCom, and IV-Anc were suggested to function during protein synthesis.
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| Free Research Field |
アストロバイオロジー、進化生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では、全生物の最後の共通祖先並びに以前のアミノアシルtRNA合成酵素の復元に成功した。これは、現生生物が共通して使用する遺伝暗号表がどのように成立したのか、その成立過程を明らかにする上で重要である。また、このような研究は生命の初期進化研究を理論だけではない実証的な研究として進めていく上でも重要である。
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