2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Dynamics of selenium metabolisms and diversity of their molecular mechanisms in microbes
| Project/Area Number |
20H02907
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 38020:Applied microbiology-related
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| Research Institution | Ritsumeikan University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | セレン / 細菌 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
(1) It was revealed that the novel selenium protein of Geobacter sp. is a sulfur-reducing enzyme, and its X-ray crystal structure was determined. (2) Investigation of the growth of Cellulomonas sp. suggested their utilization of selenite as the final electron acceptor. (3) Research on the mechanism of extracellular selenium nanoparticle formation in Escherichia coli revealed that E. coli forms selenium nanoparticles and releases them into the extracellular environment. The importance of the cell membrane was also suggested. (4) Nutritional analysis of extracellular selenium nanoparticles was conducted. Administration of selenium nanoparticles derived from E. coli to selenium-deficient rats evaluated the biological utilization of selenium, and it was demonstrated that the utilization efficiency of selenium nanoparticles from E. coli was low.
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| Free Research Field |
応用微生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究成果は、セレン取り込みからセレン代謝とセレン耐性、セレン貯蔵までを総合的に捉え、細菌におけるセレン動態の多様性と進化の一端を解明した。これまで不明であったセレン動態の各過程に関わるタンパク質、遺伝子がはじめて明らかになったことにより、本分野の学術的理解を深めることに繋がった。また、セレンナノ粒子の利用効率に関する知見は、セレン補給やセレン関連疾患の管理に役立つ可能性がある。
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