2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Basic research for the development of good-tasting and sake-suitable rice varieties with nitrogen fertilization tolerance through leaf senescence suppression
| Project/Area Number |
20H02959
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
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| Research Institution | Hiroshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
Kusaba Makoto 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(理), 教授 (20370653)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
信澤 岳 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(理), 助教 (40814463)
伊藤 岳 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(理), 特任助教 (30636139)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | イネ / ステイグリーン / ゲノム編集 / 突然変異体 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In rice, the suppression of leaf senescence can inhibit the translocation of amino acids to the grains, which is thought to contribute to the improvement of taste and the quality of sake rice under sufficient nitrogen fertilization. We created a strain that multiplies the destruction of five senescence-inducing NAC transcription factors, which are believed to play a crucial role in the regulation of senescence, using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Among them, it was found that disrupting NBL1 causes a kind of male sterility, so we created strains in which the remaining four were disrupted, but no obvious senescence suppression was observed. In addition, we tried isolating the causative gene of the delayed leaf senescence mutant dye3, which was created by a chemical mutagen, by positional cloning using the MutMap method. The candidate for the causative gene has been narrowed down to one, but it will be necessary to prove it by complementation experiments in the future.
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| Free Research Field |
遺伝育種科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
イネ穀粒中のタンパク質の高蓄積は食味や酒米の品質を低下させる。穀粒中の窒素の40～70％は老化葉からの転流によりもたらされるため，葉老化の抑制は十分な窒素施肥栽培下での食味や酒米の品質向上に貢献できると考えられる。本研究では，老化誘導性転写因子のゲノム編集による破壊や葉老化遅延突然変異体の原因遺伝子の単離を行った。これらの研究は基礎研究として高品質・多収イネ品種育成に貢献できる可能性がある。
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