2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of eDNA methods for estimating intra-genetic variation of salmonid and migratory fish species
Project/Area Number |
20H03005
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 39060:Conservation of biological resources-related
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Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
Principal Investigator |
Araki Hitoshi 北海道大学, 農学研究院, 教授 (20707129)
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Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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Keywords | 環境DNA / 種内多型 / 魚類 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Salmonid fishes are highly valuable as fishery resources and play an important ecological role in linking forests, rivers, and oceans through the food chain. However, it is very difficult to comprehensively understand their ecology as they move over a wide area throughout their life history. In this study, we applied environmental DNA technology, which can efficiently estimate the distribution of organisms over a wide area, and developed it into a technology that can analyze intraspecific variation, thereby realizing the estimation of the distribution of aquatic organisms and their genetic diversity at the same time. As a result, we were able to quantitatively evaluate the distribution of Sakhalin taimen and the impact of non-native rainbow trout from DNA contained in river water. In addition, we were able to clearly distinguish the phylogenetic relationship of chum salmon in northern Japan.
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Free Research Field |
分子生態学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
サケなどの回遊性魚類は重要な水産資源であると同時に、食物連鎖を介して陸と海を繋ぐ重要な生態的役割を担っている。しかし、広範囲に移動する彼らの生態を網羅的に把握するのは非常に困難で、生物保全・管理上の障壁となってきた。そこで本研究では環境DNA技術を応用し、周辺水圏生物の在不在や分布のみならず、種内多型に関する情報の推定を試みた。その結果、希少種イトウの分布制限要因となるニジマスの影響を定量評価したほか、サケの個体群の遺伝的構成を環境水から再現することに成功した。これらの結果は水産有用種のみならず希少種・外来種管理に広く応用可能で、今後の生物モニタリングに広く適用されることが期待される。
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