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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Integrated understanding of the molecular basis of the cancer brain metastasis microenvironment and its therapeutic application

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20H03510
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 50010:Tumor biology-related
Research InstitutionKanazawa University

Principal Investigator

Hirata Eishu  金沢大学, がん進展制御研究所, 准教授 (40761937)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsがん脳転移 / 脳微小環境 / グリア細胞 / 代謝型グルタミン酸受容体 / 肺がん
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We develop a simple and stable glial culture method, termed mixed-glial culture on/in soft substrate (MGS), which favourably mimics the brain microenvironment for various types of cancer. Utilizing this method, we discover that lung cancer cells become overly dependent on metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) signalling in the brain microenvironment. Mechanistically, interactions with reactive astrocytes induce mGluR1 in cancer cells through the Wnt-5a / prickle planar cell polarity protein 1 (PRICKLE1) / RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) axis. Induced mGluR1 directly interplays with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a glutamate-dependent manner. Notably, mGluR1 may also be an alternative target for osimertinib-resistant brain metastatic lung cancer.

Free Research Field

腫瘍細胞生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

脳に転移したがん細胞がmGluR1シグナル依存性を示すことは治療に対する脆弱性ともなり得ると考えられ、実際にmGluR1はオシメルチニブに抵抗性を示す脳転移肺がん細胞においても有効な治療標的となり得ることが示された。これらの結果はMGS共培養系ががん細胞とグリア細胞との相互作用を検討するための極めて有用なプラットフォームであることを示すと当時に、脳転移肺がんに対する新たな治療戦略としてmGluR1標的療法の可能性が示すものである。したがって今後の期待される研究の発展や新規治療法開発への貢献も含め、その成果は学術的・社会的意義の高いものであると考えられる。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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