Effects of lifestyle changes on gut microbiota and metabolites: N-of-1 crossover intervention study

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20H04117
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
• Research Institution: Waseda University
• Principal Investigator: Miyachi Motohiko 早稲田大学, スポーツ科学学術院, 教授 (60229870)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 國澤 純 国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所, 医薬基盤研究所 ワクチン・アジュバント研究センター, センター長 (80376615)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: マイクロバイオーム / 身体活動 / 食事 / 介入

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we repeated the intervention and removal of increased vegetable intake, protein intake, and amount of exercise six times each for one week (7 days) for one subject, and all feces and the subject's physical condition were collected for a year. By observing and recording the subject's lifestyle habits 24 hours a day, we conducted an N-of-1 crossover-intervention study to clarify the effects of lifestyle changes on intra-individual changes in intestinal microbiota community structure over time. These results suggested that gut microbiome repeatedly fluctuated as a result of increased protein and vegetable intake over a one-week period. Furthermore, to maximize the findings of the N-of-1 study, we conducted a population-based cohort study, which yielded research results showing the relationship between the gut microbiota and lifestyle habits and health outcomes.

Free Research Field

健康・スポーツ科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

この研究は、1人の被験者に対して介入を繰り返すことで、介入の効果の検出を改善し、介入の効果の再現性を確認できたことである。 本稿で発表された成果以外にも、未解析の多数のデジタルデータ（活動量、睡眠、食事と栄養、ショットガン分析データ）や生体サンプル（凍結便、血液、唾液）が保存されており、さらなる分析やデータ解析が可能であり、今後の腸内細菌叢研究に活用することができる。 これらの研究成果と蓄積されたデータやサンプルは、新しい生活習慣病の予防法や個別化・精密化された生活習慣指導の開発に活用することができる。