Measurements of GHG emissions and biogeochemical mechanisms of permafrost soils

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20H04314
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 63010:Environmental dynamic analysis-related
• Research Institution: Prefectural University of Hiroshima
• Principal Investigator: Yonemura Seiichiro 県立広島大学, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (20354128)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 小野 圭介 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 農業環境研究部門, 上級研究員 (20549555) ; 内田 昌男 国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 地球システム領域, 主幹研究員 (50344289)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 二酸化炭素 / メタン / 凍土 / ガス交換量 / 連続測定

Outline of Final Research Achievements

CO2 and CH4 gas exchanges of soil taken at active and perma-frost soil layers in tundra, wetland, and taiga forest ecosystems in Alaska were measured by automatic system to continuously measure soil gas exchange. The system to measure soil gas exchange was improved in view of chamber material and temperature control procedures. The stocked CO2 was much less than the amount of CO2 released afterwards after thawing processes. CH4 emission was observed only during the thawing processes, showing no production in soil during the experiment. CO2 emissions were higher with increases in temperature. CO2 emissions were observed even in the negative temperature ranges. Temperature dependence of the CO2 emissions were more in the negative temperature ranges than in the positive temperature ranges.

Free Research Field

環境科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

凍土の融解は地球環境変化に伴う大きな人類の関心事であり，精緻なガス交換量測定システムを用いて，そのガス交換特性を調べたことは，学術的および社会的意義が大きい。一般的には，凍土に大量のガスが蓄えられていると考えられがちであるが，初期蓄積量は小さいことは重要な意義である。また，得られたデータを学術的に公開することで，地球環境を予測する基礎データになる。