Ultra-sensitive and rapid cancer testing technique based on fiber-type amplification

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20H04514
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 90110:Biomedical engineering-related
• Research Institution: Shinshu University
• Principal Investigator: Yamaguchi Masaki 信州大学, 学術研究院繊維学系, 教授 (50272638)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 小泉 知展 信州大学, 学術研究院医学系, 教授 (20273097)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: バイオセンサ / がん / 超短パルスレーザー / 信号増幅 / サイトカイン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study proposed an ultra-sensitive and rapid cancer marker testing technology using a fiber-type amplification method that satisfies four performance criteria: (a) high sensitivity, (b) rapidity, (c) a series of operations, and (d) small size. During laser processing of the reaction area, the conditions for achieving a 10-fold increase in surface area were discovered. A prototype of a fiber-like reaction part with honeycomb-like holes was fabricated on an acrylic resin material. A prototyped biosensor based on the spatial amplification method was fabricated and demonstrated that it could detect concentrations of 1 pg/mL of IL-6, in vitro. Furthermore, plasma was collected from 14 healthy subjects, and the time-course changes of IL-6 concentration was analyzed to verify the effects of blood cells and free substances on marker molecules. In conclusion, we have demonstrated of developing the biosensor for cancer marker using the spatial amplification method.

Free Research Field

生体医工学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

がん患者の死因の9割は転移である。すなわち，がん転移を制圧することはがんを制圧することである。がん転移は，乳がんは肺へ，大腸がんは肝臓へなどある程度の指向性がある。この臓器選択性を制御しているのが，300種あるサイトカインの一群である。1970年代以降，がんとサイトカインに関する21万編に及ぶ論文が発表され，ほとんどの生体反応はサイトカインで説明できる。もし，的中率が高い数項目のサイトカインを用い，がんの進行度や治療効果を病院だけでなく自宅でも判定できる迅速検体検査 (POCT) 技術が実現できれば，診断・治療のキーテクノロジーとなりうる。