2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Fundamental change of Catholic theological idea of reason on the research of early modern Western "Mirror of Prince"

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K01038
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 03040:History of Europe and America-related
Research Institution	University of Yamanashi
Principal Investigator	Minagawa Taku 山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 教授 (90456492)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	石黒盛久金沢大学, 歴史言語文化学系, 教授 (50311030) 甚野尚志早稲田大学, 文学学術院, 教授 (90162825)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	実践神学としての君主鑑 / 旧約聖書 / 公会議 / マキアヴェッリ / 正戦論 / イエズス会 / 告解 / 道徳神学
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In this study, the Catholic monarchy after the High Middle Ages, which is based on Aristotelian distributive justice, proceeded from the ruler ethics deduced from theology to the theological theory armament of politics and the tool of debate in the midst of the Reformation and sectarian conflict in the 16-17th Century, and the polarization of the monarchical ethics into individualism through "confession", and the driving force behind this. A comparative examination of the moral theology of Juan de Segovia's, Erasmus', Machiavelli's, Botero's and Contzen's mirrors of prince and Busenbaum's moral theology reveals that this is due to the expansion of the readership of monarchs through the art of printing and the process of "Civil publicity" of ruler ethics, and the "depersonalization" and "demystification" and "commonalization" of the concept of "reason" as a result of this.
Free Research Field	西洋史／Western History
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	従来の近世ヨーロッパ史では、宗派対立の一方の当事者となったカトリック教会が精神界を支配し、スコラ学的な理性理解に執着し、政治の合理的発展を妨げたという見方が支配的であった。これに対し本研究は、中世末期から近世前半の君主鑑の変容を、その成立の歴史的文脈に位置づけつつ比較史に検討することによって、カトリック世界でも独特の形で政治の合理化が進んだことを明らかにした。そこでは教義の枠内で神と権力の正統性の関係が論じられ、それがメディアによって公共論化した結果、中世的な「神の国家」は正当な暴力の独占者と告解に正義を求める道徳的個人に分かれ、政治学が論じる主権と道徳神学が論じる私的自治に収斂した。