2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Research on early detection of tunnel fires and improving effectiveness of zero flow control
| Project/Area Number |
20K05008
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 25020:Safety engineering-related
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| Research Institution | Komatsu University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | トンネル火災 / 安全性評価 / 風速0化 / 縦流換気 / 煙降下 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research has three components: (1) experiments to detect smoking smoke in an actual tunnel, (2) elucidation of smoke descent characteristics, and (3) examination of effective methods of zero wind speed operation. In (1), various sensors were evaluated for early detection of fire at the smoldering stage. In (2), model experiments were conducted to clarify the descent position and descent time, and the reproducibility of simulations was confirmed. In (3), a comparison was made between the Western and Japanese evaluation methods for the same tunnel. Furthermore, in the case of a 100 MW large fire, it was clarified that the Japanese method of zero wind speed is also effective in large-scale fires. Furthermore, the results of a subject experiment on evacuation speed in smoke conducted in previous years were collated, and a walking speed model for evacuation simulations was constructed.
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| Free Research Field |
安全工学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
日本の道路トンネルは縦流換気方式が主流であり，火災安全性の向上には煙の降下特性の解明が重要である．しかしながら，降下特性に関する研究論文は極めて少なく，特性の解明がなされたとは言えない．本研究はこの降下特性について，実験，シミュレーションの両面から検討を行い，勾配０％，風速0m/sの場合について明らかにしたことは学術的意義を有していると言える．次に降下開始時間を遅らし，成層状態を長く維持することを目的とした煙の拡がりを検知するセンサ，さらに煙中の避難速度モデルを構築し，避難シミュレーションを通して適切な換気運用方法を提案したことはトンネル火災安全性の向上に寄与し，社会的意義を有すると言える．
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