2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Production of novel structural proteins based on the genetic code expansion of silkworms
| Project/Area Number |
20K05624
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 35020:Polymer materials-related
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| Research Institution | National Agriculture and Food Research Organization |
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Principal Investigator |
Teramoto Hidetoshi 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 生物機能利用研究部門, グループ長補佐 (60391562)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
小島 桂 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 生物機能利用研究部門, 上級研究員 (40370655)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 遺伝暗号拡張 / カイコ / 構造タンパク質 / ピロリシル-tRNA合成酵素 / 人工アミノ酸 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Silk fibroin produced by the domesticated silkworm (B. mori) has excellent strength and biocompatibility and is used as a medical material such as surgical sutures. We attempted to apply the versatile genetic code expansion method using the archaeal pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS)/tRNAPyl pair to the silkworm. Two types of transgenic silkworm lines respectively expressing M. mazei PylRS and tRNAPyl were generated and crossed with each other to produce a hybrid line. When synthetic amino acids (lysine derivatives) were orally administered to fifth instar larvae of the hybrids, silk fibroin incorporated with the synthetic amino acids was produced. These results indicate that genetic code expansion using the PylRS/tRNAPyl pair is applicable to silkworms.
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| Free Research Field |
生体高分子化学、応用昆虫学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
カイコのような多細胞動物における遺伝暗号拡張の報告例は限定的であり、産業応用を目指した研究は研究代表者らの先行研究のみしか見当たらない。産業動物であると同時にモデル生物でもあるカイコで遺伝暗号拡張に成功した本成果は独自性が高く、基礎研究の成果が産業応用に直結するという点で社会的インパクトが大きい。本研究の成果は、シルクに留まらず、人工アミノ酸を組み込んだ多様な構造タンパク質の創製に容易に水平展開できる。ひいては、人々の健康増進や循環型社会の構築に貢献する材料の創製を通して、Society5.0やSDGsの目標達成に寄与できる。
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