2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Discovering novel plant defense proteins and elucidating their mechanisms of action in plants with laticifers as a beginning.
| Project/Area Number |
20K05768
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 38010:Plant nutrition and soil science-related
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| Research Institution | Kyoto Institute of Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
吉田 英樹 京都工芸繊維大学, 応用生物学系, 准教授 (30570600)
平良 東紀 琉球大学, 農学部, 教授 (60315463)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 乳液 / 乳管細胞 / 防御 / 農業 / 抗昆虫 / GM植物 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Plant defense systems against insects and microbes are diverse and there are likely to be many unknown antiinsect and anti-microbial protein genes in the genomes of many plants that have been decoded. Laticifers, cells specialized for defense, are a powerful research resource for their discovery. We selected about 20 transcripts and proteins of unknown function that are highly expressed in fig or euphorbia laticifers and found several novel proteins that exhibit anti-insect activity against the pest Spodoptera litura using a newly improved transient expression system. We proposed the molecular mechanism of their anti-insect activity through recombinant proteins and transcriptome analysis.
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| Free Research Field |
農芸化学 植物生理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
防御機能に特化した乳管細胞を足掛かりにして新奇な抗昆虫タンパク質遺伝子を発見するという独自のアイディアに基づき複数の新奇な抗昆虫タンパク質を発見した。本成果は、植物と昆虫の異種生物間相互作用、植物の生体防御機構の多様性の理解という植物科学の大きな興味に新しい知見を提供した。この成果を可能にした技術的要因のひとつは、簡単迅速低コスト省スペースで複数遺伝子の並行解析に適した一過的発現系を独自に開発したことにある。本技術は、タンパク質・遺伝子の機能解析を試みる多くの研究にも応用可能である。本研究が発見した抗昆虫タンパク質遺伝子は、化学農薬不要の環境と消費者に優しい農業の実現に応用可能である。
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