2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Efficient haploid production using the pseudo-fertilized ovule culture and clarification of the parthenogenesis mechanism in citrus.
| Project/Area Number |
20K06020
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
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| Research Institution | University of Miyazaki |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | カンキツ / 半数体 / 偽受精胚珠培養 / SSR / γ線 / バンペイユ / 雌性配偶子 / カルス |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Pseudo-fertilized ovule culture was examined for the production of haploid in ‘Banpeiyu’ pummelo [Citrus maxima (Burm.)]. The pollen of ‘Kawano-natsudaidai’ was irradiated with γrays from 0 Gy to 500 Gy, and crossed with ‘Banpeiyu’ pummelo as seed parents. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis proved that the callus was a haploid derived from the egg cell, since it had only alleles derived from the seed parent. Forty days after crossing pollen irradiated with γ-rays, well-developed embryos were formed in the ovule, which did not differ from those in the non-irradiated treatment. Therefore, it was inferred that embryo development in pseudo-fertilized ovule culture progressed similarly to that of the control until 40 days after crossing, but development ceased thereafter. Overall, we consider the possibility that if ovule culture is started after 40 days, haploid cells would normally continue to develop.
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| Free Research Field |
園芸学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
半数体は倍加処理によって純系を得られることや，相同ゲノムを1つしか持たないことから遺伝子解析のための重要な材料となる．本研究では，γ線を‘川野夏橙’の花粉に照射し，‘晩白柚’の偽受精胚珠培養を行い，胚の発達を観察した．パラフィン切片法による胚珠の観察の結果，交配40日後の胚珠には発達した胚が形成されており，対照区と処理区間に差異はなかった．しかし，交配60日と80日後では未発達の胚や胚乳のみを持つ胚珠が増加した．このことから，培養時期は交配40日後が適しているものと考えられた．本研究の成果は，カンキツの雌性配偶子からの単為発生制御の可能性が高まり，他の品種への応用もできると考えられる．
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