Analsyes of diversity of foxtail millet landraces and experimental strains using genome information for conservation of genetic resources

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K06098
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39060:Conservation of biological resources-related
• Research Institution: Prefectural University of Hiroshima
• Principal Investigator: Fukunaga Kenji 県立広島大学, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (50435533)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 阿部 陽 公益財団法人岩手生物工学研究センター, ゲノム育種研究部, 主席研究員 (80503606)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: アワ / 在来品種 / 作物進化 / トランスポゾン / 遺伝資源 / 遺伝的多様性 / ドメスティケーション / 次世代シークエンサー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Candidate genes for some traits were identified using mapping populations such as recombinant inbred lines for foxtail millet millet genetic resources. Genome-wide diversity was evaluated using these genes and next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic relationships and population structure of foxtail millet genetic resources were clarified, and genes involved in diversification of morphological traits and expansion of distribution were identified. Foxtail millet landraces were found to have distinct regional characteristics. Genes involved in the expansion of distribution, such as PRR37, which is related to the heading date, are considered to be genes involved in the geographicalexpansion of foxtail millet. Other genes involved in diversification were also identified and are being analyzed in detail. In addition, the genomes of several landraces were determined using a nanopore sequencing, and transposons involved in trait variation were detected.

Free Research Field

遺伝資源

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

農学的にも、農耕文化史的にも重要であり、新しいモデル植物として注目されているアワについて、世界的なコレクションについて類縁関係を把握し多様化や分布の拡大に関わる遺伝子を同定したことは意義あることと思われる。これはアワという作物そのものだけでなく、作物がどのようにして多様化してきたのかというモデルにもなりうる。また、地球環境の変動などで先の見えない状態において、乾燥に強く栄養価も高い遺伝資源についてこのような遺伝子・ゲノムレベルで解析を行うことは、人類のこれからの食糧問題についても貢献しうると考えられる。