Plant Breeders' Right and Institutional Settings of Agricultural R&D

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K06250
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 41010:Agricultural and food economics-related
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: Saito Yoko 北海道大学, 農学研究院, 准教授 (30520796)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 育成者権 / 品種登録 / 小麦 / 豪州 / EU / EPR

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The subject of breeders is changing from public to private breeding, and this is also the case in other developed countries for wheat. Specifically, the End Point Royalty, EPR, which collects royalties from production, has been introduced in Australia and the EU. Using data on breeder's rights in these countries and regions, we analyzed whether the number of variety registrations increased before and after the introduction of EPRs. In Australia, EPR varieties are replacing non-EPR varieties, and in the EU, the number of variety registrations increased after the introduction of the system.

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Free Research Field

農業経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、育種制度が変わりつつあり、とりわけ自殖性作物である小麦は、海外の先進国で急速に新制度の導入が進む。我が国でも、種苗法改正により育成者の権利強化が進む。こうした制度改編の効果を、育成者権データから分析することで、そのインパクトを明らかにすることは、今後、国内の制度改編が進む中で、重要な意義と持つ。ただし、品種登録数が必ずしも育種成果を明確に示しているとは限らない。すなわち有用な一品種が作付け面積を伸ばすこともある点、今後、考慮していく必要がある。