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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Physiological and ecological functions of phenotypic plasticity in butterflies

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K06723
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 44040:Morphology and anatomical structure-related
Research InstitutionYamaguchi University

Principal Investigator

Yamanaka Akira  山口大学, 大学院創成科学研究科, 教授 (20274152)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords表現型可塑性 / チョウ類 / 季節型 / 幼虫体色 / 蛹体色 / 鱗粉 / 環境要因 / 神経内分泌因子
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We analyzed the physiology of adult wing phenotypic plasticity in various butterflies. Adult scale shape and seasonal phenotypic expression mechanisms were modulated by brain-derived neuroendocrine factors. Scale formation of an adult was species-specific, suggesting that some species do not change. Adults of N. japonica, which had been assumed to have no seasonal type, showed a change in the color pattern of the ventral hindwing, indicating the presence of an autumnal and a summer type. Phenotypic plasticity of larvae and pupae of various butterfly species was examined, suggesting that environmental factors alter larval and pupal body coloration and that neuroendocrine factors are involved in its regulation in some species.

Free Research Field

昆虫生理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

チョウ類の成虫の翅の表現型可塑性として、鱗粉構造や色彩パターンを種特異的に季節に応じて変化させ、その制御に神経内分泌因子が関与していることが示唆された。予期せず、ムラサキシジミ成虫の翅には季節型があることも判明した。幼虫および蛹体色発現についても種特異的に異なる環境要因によって体色変化を誘導しており、種の多様性を知る上で学術的な意義がある。「なぜ、野外の季節・環境変化の違いにより、色彩や他の形質を変化させる必要があるのか?」との、誰もが不思議に思う問いに対する生理学的な仕組みの一部が解き明かされたことは社会的意義がある。本研究は、各種チョウ類の生存戦略・進化多様性の解明への手掛かりとなる。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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