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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Molecular approaches to identify the novel therapeutic targets for the encephalitis associated with neuronal surface antibodies

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K07875
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 52020:Neurology-related
Research InstitutionNihon University

Principal Investigator

HARA Makoto  日本大学, 医学部, 准教授 (10817224)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 中嶋 秀人  日本大学, 医学部, 教授 (20330095)
大日方 大亮  日本大学, 医学部, 准教授 (20624886)
藤原 恭子  日本大学, 歯学部, 准教授 (40595708)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords神経細胞表面抗体 / RNAシークエンス / パスウェイ解析 / 培養海馬神経細胞 / 抗体作用
Outline of Final Research Achievements

A total of 48 patients, who were previously considered to have diseases of unknown etiology, were newly identified with encephalitis associated with antineuronal surface antibodies (NSAs) using in-house screening and confirmation assays for NSAs. NSA types detected were as follows: NMDAR in 26, LGI1 in 9, GABABR in 8, CASPR2 in 3, and AMPAR in 2 patients. An investigation of antibody effects using primary live neurons from rodents revealed that anti-NMDAR IgG affected the G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in the antibody-treated neurons that decreased the levels of messenger RNA and density of the neuronal surface mGluR8 clusters.

Free Research Field

神経内科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

抗神経細胞表面抗体群が神経細胞表面の抗原に結合することで引き起こされる細胞内経路への影響については一切検討されていなかった。本研究により、自己免疫性脳炎で最も頻度の多い抗NMDA受容体脳炎において、NMDA受容体抗体が細胞内シグナル伝達経路へもたらす影響及び、そのパスウェイで中心的役割を担う膜受容体の発現低下が確認された。抗体により影響される細胞内シグナル経路が特定されたことで、今後、細胞内シグナル経路を標的にした病態に選択性の高い創薬へとつながる可能性がある。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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