2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of cerebral hemodynamics of subplate neurons using simultaneous recording of electroencephalogram and functional near-infrared spectroscopy
| Project/Area Number |
20K08228
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 52050:Embryonic medicine and pediatrics-related
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
多賀 厳太郎 東京大学, 大学院教育学研究科(教育学部), 教授 (00272477)
夏目 淳 名古屋大学, 医学系研究科, 特任教授 (60422771)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | サブプレート / 早産児 / 脳波 / 近赤外分光法 / ブラッシュ / 神経発達 / 自閉スペクトラム症 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Subplate neurons (SpNs) play a crucial role in the formation of the developing cerebral cortex and the construction of neural networks. It has been demonstrated that the spontaneous electrical activity seen as brushes in the EEG of preterm infants reflects the activity of SpNs. This study, by simultaneously recording EEG and functional near-infrared spectroscopy, yielded the following new findings: 1) We developed an algorithm for the automatic detection of brushes. 2) We elucidated the local cerebral hemodynamics corresponding to the brushes. 3) We clarified the relationship between the temporal changes in brushes observed in the EEG of preterm infants and the autistic traits at 18 months of corrected age. This study is significant in demonstrating the critical role of SpNs in human brain development during the fetal period.
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| Free Research Field |
小児神経学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は、ヒト早産児を対象に、脳波と機能的近赤外分光法（fNIRS）の同時記録を多チャンネルで行い、サブプレート・ニューロンの神経活動に応答する脳血流反応を明らかにした。さらに、サブプレート・ニューロンの活動動態が、将来の脳構造や脳機能、神経ネットワーク形成に及ぼす影響を明らかにした。本研究は、げっ歯類の実験から導かれた仮説―サブプレート・ニューロンが胎生期の脳発達や神経ネットワーク構築に重要な役割を果たす―ことをヒトで実証する意義がある。
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