Development of new ulcerative colitis surgery applying regenerative medicine technology

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K09017
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 55020:Digestive surgery-related
• Research Institution: Nara Medical University
• Principal Investigator: Koyama Fumikazu 奈良県立医科大学, 医学部, 病院教授 (40316063)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 福岡 晃平 奈良県立医科大学, 医学部附属病院, 研究員 (20812316) ; 久下 博之 奈良県立医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (30801774) ; 森田 剛平 奈良県立医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (60533718) ; 松本 弥生 奈良県立医科大学, 医学部附属病院, 研究員 (90833707)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 潰瘍性大腸 / 大腸全摘・回腸嚢肛門吻合術 / ileocecal valve cuff / neorectum

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Focusing on the anatomical similarity between the ileal valve and the anorectal region, and the physiological similarity between ileal valve movement and defecation movement, we aimed to develop a new ulcerative colitis surgery by creating a Neorectum in a rat model by anastomosing the terminal ileum with ileal valve and the internal anal sphincter.
Based on the detailed dissection of the rat anorectal and ileal regions, we devised a method for dissection of the rectum and the terminal ileum with ileal valve. Ileal-anal anastomosis, ileal sac-anal anastomosis, and ileal valve-anal anastomosis were compared in rats. Unfortunately, the epidemic of COVID-19 infection prevented continued experimentation, and results could not be evaluated in many cases. Although we demonstrated the possibility of Neorectum creation in ileal valve-preserving terminal ileal-anal anastomosis, we could not clarify the function of Neorectum creation.

Free Research Field

消化器外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は，現在の潰瘍性大腸炎根治手術の限界を、最新の解剖生理知見と再生医療工学を駆使して克服することを目指したものである．本研究の結果からその可能性の一端は示せたが，実現性についてはさらなる研究が必要である．