2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer and its clinical application
Project/Area Number |
20K09040
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 55020:Digestive surgery-related
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Research Institution | Fukushima Medical University |
Principal Investigator |
Mimura Kosaku 福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 准教授 (90568031)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
花山 寛之 福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (00622333)
河野 浩二 福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (40283204)
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Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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Keywords | 胃癌 / 免疫療法 / PD-L1 / PD-L2 / CEACAM-1 / LSECtin |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Analysis of public database, gastric cancer cell lines, and clinical samples showed that in addition to PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2), LAG-3 ligands (LSECtin and MHC class II) and TIM-3 ligand (CEACAM-1) are expressed on gastric cancer cells, and they tend to be co-expressed. The same tendency was observed in colorectal cancer and in gastrointestinal metastases of malignant melanoma refractory to PD-1 therapy. Furthermore, tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are suppressed by these pathways, and the inhibition of each pathway enhanced the cytotoxicity of tumor antigen-specific CTLs.
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Free Research Field |
腫瘍免疫学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
抗PD-1抗体が進行・再発胃癌に使用されているが、その奏効率は未だに低く、効果増強方法の開発が急務である。本研究により、胃癌におけるPD-1経路以外の免疫抑制機構(LAG-3経路とTIM-3経路)の存在が明らかとなり、各経路を阻害することで腫瘍抗原特異的細胞傷害性T細胞の機能が増強されることが証明された。これらの成果は、PD-1経路と他の抑制性免疫チェックポイント経路を標的とした複合がん免疫療法の開発の礎となり、医療経済的効果をもたらすだけでなく、進行・再発胃癌の新たな治療戦略を創造する。
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