2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Evaluation of the chromosome disease of the fetus by the Nuchal translucency (NT) volume measurement using the 3D ultrasound diagnostic device.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K09606
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 56040:Obstetrics and gynecology-related
Research Institution	Iwate Medical University
Principal Investigator	Fukushima Akimune 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (20208937)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	菊池昭彦埼玉医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (10280942) 小山理恵岩手医科大学, 医学部, 特任教授 (20291619) 金杉知宣岩手医科大学, 医学部, 非常勤医師 (40453302) 岩動ちず子岩手医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (50364352) 馬場長岩手医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (60508240) 山本佳世乃岩手医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (90559155)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	Nucal translucency / 3D超音波画像装置 / 胎児染色体疾患
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this study is to establish a measurement method for Nuchal Translucency (NT) evaluation by using transabdominal or transvaginal 3D measurement techniques (hereafter referred to as NV) to measure the fetal nuchal translucency as a three-dimensional structure. This method aims to achieve stable measurements and objective evaluations regardless of fetal position and operator skill. The number of measurements was 8 cases. The average maternal age was 34.5 years. The average gestational age was 13 weeks and 5 days. The average NT value was 4.0 mm. Among the 8 cases, 2 cases (all with NT values of 3.5 mm or more) were confirmed to have trisomy 21. Among the 8 cases, 5 cases (all with NT values less than 3.5 mm) were confirmed to have a normal karyotype, and in 1 case, no NT thickening was observed during the measurement and was judged to be normal.
Free Research Field	臨床遺伝学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	胎児超音波画像診断の進歩により、Nuchal Translucency (NT)とダウン症候群などの胎児染色体数的異常との関連が注目されている。しかし、従来のNT計測は精度管理が難しく、一般的な検査にはなりにくいという課題がある。特に精度の低い測定により社会的な混乱が生じることがある。NTは本来3D構造物である胎児後頸部透亮域を、2D的な厚み計測で測定するため、胎児の位置や測定者の技量により測定精度が大きく左右されるが、NTをそのまま体積（3D）で測定する方法の方が、胎児の位置に依存せず、測定値の客観性も保たれると考えられれ、胎児の遺伝学的画像検査としての有用性が高まる。