The development of high-snsitivity detection system of bacteria-derived membrane vesicle and detection of membrane vesicle in the chronic inflamatory vascular deseases

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K09943
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 57030:Conservative dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Aichi Medical University (2021, 2023); Oita University (2020)
• Principal Investigator: Miyazaki Hidetaka 愛知医科大学, 医学部, 准教授 (70420271)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 中尾 龍馬 国立感染症研究所, 細菌第一部, 主任研究官 (10370959) ; 工藤 敏文 東京医科歯科大学, 大学院医歯学総合研究科, 准教授 (50431911) ; 平山 悟 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 助教 (70778555)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周病 / Porphyromonus gingivalis / Pg / メンブレンヴェシクル / 細菌 / ワクチン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We focused on the fact that membrane vesicles (MVs) released by Porphyromonus gingivalis, the main causative agent of periodontal disease, contain pathogenic and immunologically active factors, and performed a series of studies to elucidate the effects of MVs on the body. We performed a series of studies to elucidate the effects of MVs on living organisms. As a result, the characteristic structure of membrane vesicles, their cytotoxicity, and effects on living organisms have been clarified. We have also started development of a vaccine using MVs. It is speculated that the analysis of membrane vesicles of oral bacteria will become an important key to understand the cause and progression of not only periodontal disease but also systemic diseases.

Free Research Field

歯科・口腔外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

歯周病の主たる原細菌であるPorphyromonus gingivalis (以下Pg）は、近年歯周病のみならず全身に生ずる様々な炎症性疾患の発症起点もしくは増悪因子となると考えられているが、その詳細は明らかになっていなかった。われわれは細菌が放出する膜小胞（メンブレン・ヴェシクル）が病原因子・免疫活性因子を内包していることに着目し、研究を行った。その結果、膜小胞の特徴的な構造や生体へ与える影響が明らかとなってきた。今後の膜小胞の解析が口腔細菌と全身疾患の関わりを考える上での重要な鍵となることが推測された。