2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Study on Prevention of Obesity and Other Metabolic Diseases by mucosal chemosensry Mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract
| Project/Area Number |
20K11544
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
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| Research Institution | Yamagata University (2022-2023)
Ritsumeikan University (2020-2021) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
加藤 郁夫 神戸薬科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (70509843)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 化学物質受容機構 / 腸内分泌細胞 / 腸管神経系 / 上皮イオン輸送 / 脳－腸軸 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract has a chemosensory system that accepts chemicals present in the GI lumen and conveys the information to the central nervous system in cooperation with the enteric nervous system, contributing to the control of many physiological functions. Recently, it has become clear that disruption of this chemosensory mechanism affects the onset of various diseases including metabolic syndrome. In this study, we conducted experiments to analyze the receptor and signaling mechanisms of secondary bile acids, which are modified by intestinal bacteria, in order to obtain basic knowledge for establishing preventive methods for obesity-related glucose metabolic diseases and higher brain dysfunction. We found that secondary bile acids stimulate the bile acid receptor TGR5 expressed on enteroendocrine cells, which activates and transmits information to Y2 receptors expressed on VIP-containing nerves.
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| Free Research Field |
消化管生理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究成果は、消化管に存在する生体にとり有用なものと有害なものとを区別するための化学物質受容の情報伝達機構の一端を示しており、外部環境に存在する化学物質をどのような機構で認識し、その情報をどのようにして中枢に伝えるのかといった基本的な知見を提出しており、学術的意義も高い。さらに、最近の研究ではこの受容機構の破綻が高次脳機能障害を含む各種疾患の成因の１つであるとの報告が多くなされているため、本研究の成果は肥満等を含むメタボリックシンドロームや高次脳機能障害などの予防のための基礎的な知見を提出するものであり、社会的にも意義ある研究であると考えられる。
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