2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Search for early biomarkers of cognitive decline: analysis of extracellular vesicles using samples from a long-term longitudinal study

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K11664
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
Research Institution	Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology
Principal Investigator	Kawakami Kyojiro 地方独立行政法人東京都健康長寿医療センター(東京都健康長寿医療センター研究所), 東京都健康長寿医療センター研究所, 研究員 (90589227)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	細胞外小胞 / バイオマーカー / 認知機能低下 / 長期縦断研究
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this study was to search for novel biomarkers of cognitive decline targeting extracellular vesicles, using samples from a long-term longitudinal study to minimize individual differences. First, we selected samples from a longitudinal study in which cognitive function declined continuously from age 70 to age 73 and 76 in the same individuals. Then, after investigating a purification method suitable for proteome analysis of extracellular vesicles using plasma, we purified extracellular vesicles from the samples and performed proteome analysis. As a result, 737 proteins were identified, and 21 proteins were significantly increased or decreased in cognitive decline samples. We will compare the results with those of the group without cognitive decline, verify the results using multiple samples, and develop a new biomarker for cognitive decline.
Free Research Field	生化学、分子生物学、細胞外小胞
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	認知機能の低下は超高齢社会である我が国では重要な問題の一つである。認知機能低下の早期バイオマーカーの開発には様々な取り組みがなされてはいるが、実用化には至っていない。我々はバイオマーカーの開発を難しくしているのは、個人差が影響しているのではないかと考えた。本研究では長期縦断研究の検体を使用することで、個人差を抑えた探索研究が可能であり、新規のバイオマーカーの開発につながることが期待される。