Role of regulatory T cells and suppressive cytokines in immunosuppression of eosinophilic rhinosinusitis.

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K18278
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 56050:Otorhinolaryngology-related
• Research Institution: Shiga University of Medical Science
• Principal Investigator: Yamamoto Sayuri 滋賀医科大学, 医学部, 客員助教 (10828114)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 好酸球性副鼻腔炎 / 抑制性T細胞 / ST2

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of the study was to clarify the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic sinusitis. Relative protein levels of IL-10 and IL-35 were significantly decreased in the NPs of patients with eCRS or non-eCRS. In NPs from eCRS patients, the prevalence of Th2 cells and ST2+ Treg cells was significantly increased, and that of Tr1 cells was significantly decreased. The prevalence of Foxp3+ Treg cells remained unchanged. The ratios of ST2+ Treg cells in Foxp3+ Treg cells were significantly increased in eCRS patients. ST2+ Treg cells expressed IL-5, IL-13, and CD45RO (a memory T cell marker). In cultured PBMCs from eCRS patients, IL-33 increased the number of ST2+ Treg cells.IL-33 induced memory ST2+ Treg cell proliferation. Impaired immunosuppressive Treg cell activity and increased number of ST2+ Treg cells may accelerate Th2-type inflammation in eCRS.

Free Research Field

耳鼻咽喉科・頭頸部外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

好酸球性副鼻腔炎における、ST2+Treg の増加とTr1の減少は、過剰な2型炎症の抑制機構が損なわれている可能性がある。また、ST2+Tregは組織修復の役割も担っており、これらの機能解析も今後の課題である。