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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of amino acids sensing via amino acid transpoters as T1R-independent mechanisms in mouse gustatory tissues

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K18458
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 57010:Oral biological science-related
Research InstitutionKyushu University

Principal Investigator

Shusuke Iwata  九州大学, 歯学研究院, 助教 (60780062)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywordsアミノ酸トランスポーター / 味覚 / 神経 / うま味 / 甘味
Outline of Final Research Achievements

It is well known that T1R1/T1R3 plays an important role in umami taste detection, but T1R3- or its downstream molecules TRPM5- knockout (KO) mice shows residual responses of gustatory nerve to Amino acids. It suggests there are multiple receptors and transduction pathways for amino acids responses. We found a neutral amino acid transporters localized in the plasma memblane of several body districts also expressed in mouse taste buds. Moreover, its inhibitor reduced gustatory nerve responses to several amino acids both in C57BL6J mice and T1R3-KO mice. Taken together, not only T1R1/T1R3 but also a neutral amino acid transporters may also function as taste receptor of amino acids.

Free Research Field

味覚

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

アミノ酸は生体を形作るタンパク質の構成成分として必要不可欠な物質であり、現時点でうま味受容体T1R1/T1R3が唯一のアミノ酸の味覚受容体として報告されている。その一方で、うま味情報はアミノ酸要求を生じる情報として重要性は低く、T1R1/T1R3の必須アミノ酸に対する親和性は低いことが報告されており、未知の味覚受容体が関与している可能性が示唆されていた。本研究により、アミノ酸輸送体が新規のアミノ酸味覚受容体として機能しており、さらに我々が先に報告した糖輸送体と同様にメタボリックセンサーKATPチャネルを介したカロリー受容系シグナル経路として機能している可能性が示唆された。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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