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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K18799
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57080:Social dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: Goto Maki 東北大学, 東北メディカル・メガバンク機構, 助教 (20771108)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: メタゲノム / 歯科 / う蝕 / 歯周病

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In examining the conditions for DNA extraction from saliva and dental plaque samples, it was impossible to remove a sufficient amount of human genome from saliva samples using any of the previously reported methods. However, since the contamination rate of the original human genome in the dental plaque samples was low (about 40%), and it was thought that a sufficient amount of bacterial genome data could be obtained by shotgun analysis, we decided to change our original plan and perform a shotgun analysis using only the dental plaque samples.
DNA was extracted from a total of 180 dental plaque samples from 20 heptafamily families and 40 samples that were not heptafamily but had three complete generations (one of the grandparents was missing), and libraries were prepared and shotgun sequencing was performed.

Free Research Field

生化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究によって明らかになる口腔内細菌の垂直感染に関する解析により、う蝕や歯周病が家族内集積を引き起こすメカニズムの一端が明らかになる。細菌叢の遺伝子構造が後の世代のう蝕および歯周病の診断マーカーとして応用されることが期待されるため、早期から将来的な病態や予後を把握することが可能になる。また、口腔内細菌を標的とした口腔内疾患の治療法や予防法の開発にもつながることが期待される。この分野における研究および医療が 大いに前進することとなり、本研究が与える科学的インパクトは非常に大きい。