2021 Fiscal Year Research-status Report
Investigation of a novel analysis method for the determination of new biomarkers for alcoholic beverage consumption.
| Project/Area Number |
20K18989
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| Research Institution | Fukuoka University |
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Principal Investigator |
ウォーターズ ブライアン 福岡大学, 医学部, 助教 (00609480)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | drinking markers / ethyl glucoside / malic acid ethyl ester / 4-ethoxy-3-hydroxy / 4-oxobutanoic acid |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
In this study, we are looking for compounds that could serve as markers for drinking alcoholic beverages. Ethyl glucoside, which is present in brewed beverages such as sake, is excreted in the urine for a long time after drinking. Another compound was detected while analyzing white wine. Analysis of certain white wines by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed peaks with ions of m/z 89 and m/z 71 in its mass spectrum, a pattern similar to 3-hydroxybutanoic acid. We considered that this peak might be an ethyl ester of malic acid, which is present in white wine, so we attempted to recreate this compound through ethylation of malic acid. This ethyl ester appears to be the compound 4-ethoxy-3-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid, and it may be a good candidate as a drinking marker for white wine.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.
Reason
In the first phase (2020) of this research, we were able to isolate compounds from alcoholic beverages that could act as drinking markers. In the second year (2021), we were able to eliminate compounds that were complicated to analyze, those that did not stay in the body longer than ethanol, and those that were not unique to alcohol consumption. Four candidates showed the most promise: 1) hordenine (beer); 2) ethyl glucoside (sake); an ethyl ester of malic acid (white wine); and 2,3-butanediol (fermented alcoholic beverages). Narrowing the list provided us the ability to develop an extraction and analysis method that could target several different alcoholic beverage components and products. This work has been presented several times and led to a published paper on ethyl glucoside analysis.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
The project will continue with the optimization of the extraction and analysis methods. SPE pass-through extraction with GC-MS/MS analysis looks the most promising. Optimization in urine is almost complete, and we hope to expand this to autopsy blood. Sometimes the amount of information from the autopsied cases is limited, but occasionally there are detailed accounts of drinking history shortly before death that could give us a great indication of whether the analysis of these compounds can correlate the reported drinking information. Our hope to be able to make this a routine analysis that can add to our determination of cause and manner of death. COVID is still hampering participation in conferences, but we will try to present online and publish our results when possible.
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| Causes of Carryover |
Because of the COVID-19 situation, all of the domestic and international conferences that were planned for using this fund were either cancelled or the prices greatly reduced from being held online. The carryover money will be spent during this year if in-person conferences resume. If not, the funds will be spent on other necessary expenses.
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