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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of a new robust method for microbiome-based personal identification

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K18991
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 58040:Forensics medicine-related
Research InstitutionNational Research Institute of Police Science

Principal Investigator

Toyomane Kochi  科学警察研究所, 法科学第一部, 研究員 (70845362)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords個人識別 / CRISPR / 微生物叢
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The mock forensic samples with low biomass were analyzd by using both metaCRISPR typing, a previously developed microbiome-based personal identification method, and human DNA typing. CRISPR sequences were similar to those of the donor for some mock samples, for which no information was obtained from human DNA analysis. These results indicate that metaCRISPR typing may provide additional information for personal identification of low-biomass samples that cannot be identified by conventional human DNA analysis.

Free Research Field

法科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

皮膚の表面にはヒトDNAより多量の微生物DNAが存在していると考えられており、ヒトDNAが十分に採れない場合の個人識別を目的として、これまでに各国で微生物叢の保持する遺伝情報を用いた個人識別法の開発が試みられてきた。しかし、試料中に含まれるDNA量が微量な場合に、微生物DNAを利用した個人識別が一般的なヒトDNA型検査と比較してより有効であることを実証した研究は例がない。本課題で検証した結果、前課題で開発したメタCRISPR解析はヒトDNAがほとんど含まれない試料でも個人識別が可能な場合があることが明らかになり、微生物叢の保持する遺伝情報の有用性を示すことができた。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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