2020 Fiscal Year Research-status Report
Experimental and theoretical study on physical layer authentication for IoT systems
| Project/Area Number |
20K19801
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| Research Institution | Toyo University |
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Principal Investigator |
朱 金暁 東洋大学, 情報連携学部, 助教 (30754329)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | authentication / physical layer / fractal dimension / radiometric feature |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
With the wide application of internet of things (IoT), setting up an effective authentication system in those networks becomes overwhelming difficult yet urgent. To solve the authentication issue, this project focuses on studying physical layer authentication schemes, which identify a device by exploring some "born" physical features of radio waves transmitted by the device, from both experimental and theoretical aspects. This year, we set up an experiment system, collected a dataset of about 20 network interface cards (NICs) based on it and proposed a new radiometric feature called fractal dimension (of frame preamble). The experiment system consists of USRPs, NICs and a computer which controls the transmission of data frames and does data analysis. In the dataset, we collected over 1000 data frames for each NIC, and calculate radiometric features including carrier frequency offset (CFO), magnitude error, I/Q imbalance, phase error, SYNC correlation and fractal dimension. It is notable that the fractal dimension of frame preamble can reflect the impact of CFO and clock jitter at digital-to-analog converter (DAC) of radio frequency (RF) chain. The efficiency of the proposed fractal dimension has also been verified in our experiment system and our result shows that the fractal dimension can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of these devices.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.
Reason
According to our research proposal, in the first year we will develop an experiment testbed and build a dataset of radiometric features. By now, we have already set up an experiment system, built a dataset of some features, and also proposed a new feature, named as fractal dimension of frame preamble, for device authentication. Note that exploring new features was planed as a task in the second year. Though the process seems to be ahead of schedule, it needs to be mentioned that the dataset only includes data from 20 NICs, rather than 100~ NICs as planed in the proposal. We now plan to increase the number of NICs as the research progresses. Finally, we have wrote a manuscript summarizing our latest research result for the possible publication in an international journal and also a draft of patent.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
Our future plan consists of two parts. 1) We will expand the scale of the experiment. By now, we have collected data from about 20 NICs. To increase the reliability of an experiment result and explore more radiometric features, we plan to increase the number of NICs from more manufacturers and chipset models. 2) We will explore new radiometric features and design more efficient authentication schemes. By now, the radiometric-feature based device recognition is not widely applied in practice mainly due to its limited recognition accuracy. To improve its accuracy, it is important for us to explore novel features and design multi-feature joint recognition scheme. Existing radiometric features mainly made use of transmitter's physical imperfections in wireless devices that randomly generated during manufacturing. In our future work, we will also consider add some artificial imperfections to increase the discriminability of devices besides the born natural imperfections.
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| Causes of Carryover |
Due to the pandemic of Covid-19, group activities including travel and conferenence are restricted in many countries. The unused amount in the budget in the last year mainly lies in travel and salaries for research assistants, which is mainly caused by restricts of Covid-19. Another reason that causing the carryover of the budget is that I took a maternity leave in the last fiscal year.
For the remaining amount of the grant, I will mainly use it in the following aspects. Firstly, buy more devices to expand the scale of the experiment as described in the plans for the research scheme. Secondly, attend domestic and international conferences to present more papers.
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