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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the mechanism of host invasion by parasitic wasps that disrupts self and non-self recognition.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K20571
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 39:Agricultural and environmental biology and related fields
Research InstitutionTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Principal Investigator

Tabunoki Hiroko  東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 教授 (80434190)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 佐藤 令一  東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 名誉教授 (30235428)
Project Period (FY) 2020-07-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords組織親和的侵入 / Copidosoma floridanum / 多胚生寄生蜂 / 組織擬態 / 異物認識 / 桑実胚
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The morula of the polyembryonic parasitoid wasp, Copidosoma floridanum invades host tissue by a histoaffinity manner. Here, this study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of histoaffinity invasion. First, we attempted to determine the cDNA sequence of the histoaffinity invasion factor based on the sequence obtained from transcriptome analysis and determined that. Next, we examined whether this factor is involved in host invasion, we tried to construct an invasion inhibition experimental system using recombinant proteins, RNA interference, and specific antibodies. The results showed that invasion into the host was strongly inhibited by the specific antibodies in relation to the host invasion. Therefore, this study showed that a previously unknown molecule was involved in histoaffinity invasion.

Free Research Field

生化学・分子生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

多胚性寄生蜂の桑実胚は、宿主組織に損傷を与えることなく侵入し、むしろ宿主はこの桑実胚を積極的に迎え入れる。研究代表者らは、この現象を組織親和的侵入と名付けた。組織親和的侵入は、一般的に動物界で広く知られる遠縁種間の急性型移植拒絶反応を回避するユニークな現象であるが、それに関わる分子は、不明であった。本研究により遠縁の動物個体の組織間で親和性の獲得に寄与する分子が確定すると、別個体の組織の移植により、急性免疫拒絶反応がおこらない分子の仕組みを理解できる。本研究により未解明であった動物の組織親和的侵入に関与する分子が明らかになれば、生物学の異物認識の根幹を担う仕組みの理解が大きく変革・転換される。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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