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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Sex difference and evolution of the brain illuminated by Connect-Seq: A novel single-cell level neural circuit mapping tool with cell type annotation

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K20589
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 46:Neuroscience and related fields
Research InstitutionInstitute of Physical and Chemical Research

Principal Investigator

Miyamichi Kazunari  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 生命機能科学研究センター, チームリーダー (30612577)

Project Period (FY) 2020-07-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsトランスシナプス標識 / オキシトシン / 養育行動 / 社会性行動 / 交感神経
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study utilized advanced methodologies such as trans-synaptic labeling and transcriptome analysis at a single-cell resolution to investigate the neural circuitry underlying animal social behaviors. Our findings revealed dynamic changes in the inputs to oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVH) during paternal life-stage transitions, along with specific neural circuit reorganization occurring during pregnancy in female mice. Additionally, we identified the selective vulnerability of PVH parvocellular oxytocin neurons as a crucial factor in social dysfunction and developed a therapeutic approach based on this discovery. Moreover, we identified two distinct transcriptome profiles in spinal sympathetic preganglionic neurons; one negatively regulating the gastrointestinal tract and the other positively regulating the adrenal glands.

Free Research Field

神経科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、発達後には不変と見なされがちであった視床下部に動的な神経回路の再編があることを明らかにした。将来的にその分子・細胞メカニズムの解明を通して、神経回路の操作技術に道をひらくものである。室傍核のトラスクリプトームタイプに特異的な脆弱性の発見は発達障害の理解に一石を投じ、潜在的な治療標的の存在を示唆するものである。さらに、臓器機能を制御する交感節前神経の分子遺伝学的同定は、臓器の協調的な制御の仕組みの土台を提供し、特定の臓器機能を選択的に制御する技術に繋がることが期待される。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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