The elucidation of the pathogen diffusion characteristic during a operation

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K21036
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 23:Architecture, building engineering, and related fields
• Research Institution: Kogakuin University
• Principal Investigator: Yanagi U 工学院大学, 建築学部(公私立大学の部局等), 教授 (50370945)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 永野 秀明 東京都市大学, 理工学部, 准教授 (50610044)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-07-30 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 手術室 / 開胸術 / 内視鏡手術 / イン・サイチュ測定 / 微粒子 / 細菌 / マイクロバイオーム / CFD

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In situ measurements were conducted to understand the characteristics of airborne particles based on particle size, viable bacteria, and microbiome generated two types of surgery performed in the same operating room on a single day. During thoracotomy, a sharp rise was observed in the concentration of airborne particles at the beginning of the use of electrosurgical tools. Furthermore, the level of exposure to airborne particles during thoracotomy was found to be 4-27 times higher than that during endoscopic surgery. During endoscopic surgery, the concentration of bacteria near the operating table and at the air inlet was 56 CFU/m3and undetected, respectively. In comparison, during thoracotomy, the concentration of airborne near the operating table and at the air inlet was 533 CFU/m3 and 11 CFU/m3, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, the top four genera of each sample, that is, Streptococcus, Acinetobacter, Neisseria, and Staphylococcus, were bacteria of human origin.

Free Research Field

建築環境工学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

2018年の全症例数54537件の内手術部位感染発生数は2948(5.4％)件があった。先進国の日本においては依然として高水準にある。手術室内空気清浄度の改善は手術部位感染の低減のみならず，医療従事者への有害物質曝露量の低減において極めて重要である。
本研究では，世界初の同日同一手術室における2種類の外科手術時に微粒子と細菌の発生特性について現場での実測を行い，その2種類の手術による医療スタッフへの有害物質曝露量の差を定量した。また，CFDの検討では，気流分布による空気清浄度の改善が可能であることが示唆された。本研究の成果は，今後手術時の医者への曝露量の低減に有益な情報を提供している。