2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Understanding microbial uncultivability: cue for the growth and incapability of colony formation
Project/Area Number |
20K21279
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 38:Agricultural chemistry and related fields
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Research Institution | Hiroshima University |
Principal Investigator |
Aoi Yoshiteru 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(先), 准教授 (40386636)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
村上 千穂 安田女子大学, 薬学部, 助教 (50649077)
中尾 洋一 早稲田大学, 理工学術院, 教授 (60282696)
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Project Period (FY) |
2020-07-30 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | Nitrospira / 休眠・覚醒 / 凝集株 / 非凝集株 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The objective of this study is to comprehensively elucidate the growth control mechanisms regulating dormancy and awakening. The following results were obtained using a pure strain of Nitrospira as a model of an unculturable microorganism: Nitrospira is dormant in an environment unsuitable for growth, and only awakens and restart to grow when it receives signal-like compounds produced by other Nitrospira cells. However, long-term cultivation in the laboratory condition results in the emergence of mutant strains that do not show such a response. Furthermore, we found that there are two types of Nitrospira, one specialized for survival and the other for proliferation, suggesting that each of the above two types can inhabit a wide range of environments when they emerge under favorable conditions.
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Free Research Field |
微生物生態学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
環境中のほとんどの微生物は培養困難であることが知られており、環境微生物の理解や利用を大きく妨げているが「培養できない理由」は全く解明されていない。本研究では、従来法では獲得できなかったNitrospiraという難培養性微生物の純粋菌株を用いることで、難培養性微生物の増殖制御機構に迫ることができた。また結果よりNitrospiraが幅広い環境で繁栄するための性質そのものが難培養性と直接関係があるということが示唆された。本研究の成果は、未培養微生物の培養化という課題や環境微生物の増殖制御に対する新しい視点の必要性を提案するものであり、学術的または工学的両方の観点から意義が高いものと考えられる。
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