Various chromosome segaregation among different cell types

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K21395
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 43:Biology at molecular to cellular levels, and related fields
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: Fukagawa Tatsuo 大阪大学, 大学院生命機能研究科, 教授 (60321600)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-07-30 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 染色体分配 / 多様性 / マウス / CENP-C / CENP-T / CENP-A

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The stable chromosome segregation is necessary for any organisms to maintain life. Since this is a common event in all organisms, chromosome segregation was expected to occur by a common mechanism in all organisms and cells. However, analysis of diverse organisms has suggested that different cells have different mechanisms. In this study, we used mice to analyze whether the requirement for binding of certain kinase proteins differs between mouse developmental processes and cultured cells. As a result, we obtained important results that the importance of CENP-C and CENP-A binding differs between differentiated cells and cells in developmental processes in the same mouse. This suggests that the form of chromosome segregation changes in each cell type.

Free Research Field

分子細胞生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

染色体の分配不全は、がんをはじめとする多くの疾患の原因となる。特に染色体の不安定化は、がんの指標としても近年注目を受けている。この観点から、本研究は、多様な細胞の染色体分配機構を明らかにしようとしており、がん細胞の染色体分配を考える上で参考となる知見が得られている。本研究は、基礎生物的知見であるが、将来的にはがんの治療薬、診断薬などの開発につながる研究と位置付けられる。