2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Regulation of intestinal function via microRNA from fruit-derived microvesicles
| Project/Area Number |
20K21474
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 47:Pharmaceutical sciences and related fields
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| Research Institution | Kanazawa University |
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Principal Investigator |
Tamai Ikumi 金沢大学, 薬学系, 教授 (20155237)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
中島 美紀 金沢大学, ナノ生命科学研究所, 教授 (70266162)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-07-30 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 食品作用 / 食品由来微粒子 / マイクロRNA / トランスポーター / 発現調節 / 栄養素 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Nutrients in food affect human (host) as small molecules such as metals, flavonoids and amino acids derived as digestive products of proteins, which are large molecules. However, recently it is demonstrated that food include many micro-vesicles and they contain variable large molecules such as food-derived microRNA. Accordingly, it is possible that large molecules of food may directly affect host function, though currently only small molecules are considered to cause physiological effect on host. In this study, we found that apple-derived micro-vesicles contain variable apple-derived microRNAs and they are delivered to intestinal epithelial cells in the form of micro-vesicles. Then, contained microRNAs directly regulate expression of several transporter proteins. Accordingly, by considering such micro-vesicles in food, we need to add direct effect of food-contained large molecules as food function in addition to currently well recognized nutrients definition as small molecules.
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| Free Research Field |
薬物動態学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
タンパク質など食品由来高分子がヒトに作用する場合は消化産物であるアミノ酸のような低分子である。その他、単糖、金属、フラボノイドなどいずれも直接作用するのは低分子であるというのが現在の栄養学である。一方本研究では、食品中には微粒子が含まれ、それはマイクロRNAなど食品由来高分子を含有することを示した。さらに微粒子はマイクロRNAなど高分子を安定に保ち、小腸上皮細胞内に移行させ、内包したマイクロRNAが直接的に小腸細胞のタンパク質機能を調節すること見出した。即ち、食品由来高分子が直接栄養素として働くことを示す。従って、栄養素の定義として食品由来高分子も考慮する必要のあることを示す意義がある。
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