Development of analytical methods of cfDNA in body fluid for early cancer diagnosis

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K21491
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 47:Pharmaceutical sciences and related fields
• Research Institution: Showa University
• Principal Investigator: Kato Masaru 昭和大学, 薬学部, 教授 (30332943)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-07-30 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 疾患の早期発見 / 医薬品の効果の評価 / 遺伝性疾患 / 尿 / cfDNA

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we developed a simple, inexpensive method to efficiently extract and purify cfDNA of about 200 bp from urine samples. By using a commercially available purification kit (Monofas), it became possible to extract about 6,000 copies (12 copies/1 μL) of DNA present in 500 μL of urine in about 5 minutes. Furthermore, by combining it with particle purification, we succeeded in extracting about 600 copies (1.2 copies/1 μL) of DNA present in 5 mL of urine. Compared to commercially available urinary cfDNA purification kits, this method is a simple, inexpensive method that requires less time, yet has the same or better DNA purification efficiency. It is expected that this method can be used for the early detection of genetic diseases and evaluation of drug effects.

Free Research Field

分析化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

開発したcfDNAの簡易精製法は、安価に短時間で効率的に尿中cfDNAの精製が可能であった。PCR法と組み合わせることで、遺伝性疾患の早期発見や薬の効果の評価に利用可能であると期待される。