The System of Allotment of Chigyo by the Edo Shogunate in Mid to Late Edo Period

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K22021
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0103:History, archaeology, museology, and related fields
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: Ozaki Mari 大阪大学, 適塾記念センター, 特任助教 (60887967)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-09-11 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 幕領 / 代官 / 所領配置 / 支配替 / 私領渡 / 民衆運動 / 領知宛行 / 知行割

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research attempts to clarify the system of allotment of chigyo by the Edo Shogunate in Mid to Late Edo Period. The Edo shogunate had the authority of allotment of chigyo (a right of controlling a domain) as a unified authority in the Edo period. From the middle of the 18th century throughout the Edo period, the Edo shogunate investigated whether there was an obstacle or not for each shogunal territory to change other a feudal lord before allotment.
Previous research has not focused on how the officials of the shogunate allotted each territory for feudal lords. Moreover, previous investigation about chigyo by the shogunate is all but unknown in the history of the study. Therefore, this research attempts to clarify the system of allotment of chigyo by the Edo shogunate by using both the record of the Edo shogunate and local historical materials left across the country.

Free Research Field

近世中後期幕領配置研究

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、私領渡差障調の実施目的や運用実態の分析から、近世中後期における幕府の所領配置構造を明らかにした。領主制の根幹である知行割権は、公儀大権として、その専権に属するものと評価されてきたが、知行割過程にまで遡ると、それは将軍や幕府役人の恣意によるものではなかった。さらに幕府が支配役所を通して幕領に私領渡の是非を下問することは、知行割の決定過程において、本来知行割に関与しえない彼らの介入を許す契機ともなる。今後、差障調実施による幕領への影響をも検討することで、所領配置における幕府の専権性、恣意性を半ば前提的に捉えてきた既往の研究を、知行割の制度や運用実態の側面から全面的に見直すことができよう。