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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Study on the characteristic of the Social Welfare of State Shinto

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K22041
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0104:Geography, cultural anthropology, folklore, and related fields
Research InstitutionKokugakuin University

Principal Investigator

KASHIWAGI Kyosuke  國學院大學, 神道文化学部, 助教 (10751349)

Project Period (FY) 2020-09-11 – 2023-03-31
Keywords国家神道 / 神職会 / 感染症 / 社会事業 / ハンセン病
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The aim of this study is to collect archives on the comforting activities of Shinto priest organizations at national leprosy sanatoriums from the early Showa period to the immediate post-war period and to analyze the characteristic of the so-called "State Shinto" as a social welfare endeavor.
The research was conducted at the following facilities: National Sanatorium Oshima Seisho-en (Kagawa Pref.), National Sanatorium Kikuchi Keifu-en (Kumamoto Pref.), National Sanatorium Oku Komyo-en (Okayama Pref.), Konkokyo Research Institute (Okayama Pref.), and Kyoto Institute, Library and Archives (Kyoto Pref.).
As a result, it is proved that the comforting activities by Shinto priest organizations at the national leprosy sanatoriums before the war were led by three different directions: 1) local Shinto priest organizations, 2) the sanatoriums and local administrations (prefectures), and 3) the residents' associations (autonomous associations).

Free Research Field

民俗学・文化人類学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

従来の社会事業に関する研究では、キリスト教団の活動がおもに分析されていたが、本研究は国家神道の社会事業に着目することによって、戦前期の宗教と社会との関係性を捉えるフレームワークの再構築に寄与しうるものである。
それに加えて、病に対する人々の不安心理に神道がどのような対応してきたかという本研究の問いと成果は、祭りの形式や神社行政制度ではなく、一般人の日常生活を視点に据える民俗学的視点からなされたものであり、社会事業実践のあり方として3つの方向性を明らかにするとともに、今後の政策や事業にも寄与しうる知識、情報である。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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