A Historical-Sociological Study on the Characteristics of German Social Policy from the Perspective of the Transformation of the Polizei

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K22144
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0108:Sociology and related fields
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Sakai Kosuke 東京大学, 大学院総合文化研究科, 助教 (10880974)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-09-11 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: ポリツァイ / 歴史社会学 / 福祉国家 / 社会国家 / 警察 / 労働監督

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study examines the characteristics of worker protection law and social insurance legislation enacted in Germany in the second half of the 19th century from a historical-sociological perspective in terms of the transformation of the concept of Polizei. In particular, the study analyzed how the Polizei, which refers to a wide range of governance practices, ideals, and laws, including public health and production management, were reduced and reorganized at the policy level in the labor protection, The analysis revealed that the reduction of the Polizei concept and the consolidation of the rule of law gradually reduced the scope of the police, which had long played an important role in labor protection policy, but that the labor inspector as a profession began to play an alternative role and administrative power was expanded instead.

Free Research Field

社会学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、福祉国家形成においてポリツァイの理念と実践がどのように持続されつつ変化していったのかを考察した。それにより、警察と福祉という一見異なる原理を持つ制度が実は近接した歴史的出自を有していたことを示した。なかでも、警察史研究と福祉国家史研究の成果を統合しつつ、特に労働者保護政策における警察と新たな専門職の役割・機能の歴史的考察を考察した。ポリツァイは、法治国家以後の社会政策の形成において大幅にその意義・意味を縮小させつつも、新たな専門職と行政組織の形成を通じて、劣悪な労働環境といった社会的問題をこれまでと異なる形で解決することを試みたことが明らかとなった。